the motion

ăgĭto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. freq. a. [ago], as if the supine were agitu; cf.: quaero quaerito.

Lit., to put a thing in motion, to drive or impel (mostly poet., or in more elevated prose; from poetry it passed, after the Aug. per., into common prose).

Of cattle, to drive, conduct (cf. ago):

calcari quadrupedem agitabo advorsum clivom,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 118:

stimulo boves agitat,

Vulg. Eccli. 38, 26:

hanc in curru bijugos agitare leones,

drives her span of lions, Lucr. 2, 602:

agitantur quadrigae,

Varr. L. L. 6, § 41 Müll.:

ad flumina currus,

Verg. G. 3, 18:

jussit agitari currum suum,

Vulg. 2 Macc. 9, 4: lanigeros greges hirtasque capellas, to drive, poet. for to tend, Verg. G. 3, 287:

sacros jugales (dracones),

Ov. M. 5, 661:

quadrigas bigasque et equos desultorios,

Suet. Caes. 39.—

Of the motion of other things, to move, impel, shake:

triremem in portu,

Nep. Dion, 9, 2:

alas,

Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 21:

manibusque leves agitavit habenas,

id. M. 7, 221:

hastam,

id. ib. 3, 667: caput, to move the head ( in token of assent = annuere), id. ib. 1, 567:

arundinem vento agitatam,

Vulg. Matt. 11, 7.—Esp., of animals, to hunt, chase, pursue: etiamsi excitaturus [p. 72] non sis nec agitaturus feras, Cic. Off. 3, 17:

aquila insectans alias aves atque agitans,

id. Div. 2, 70:

trepidas columbas,

Ov. M. 5, 606; 11, 300:

damas,

id. ib. 10, 539:

cursu timidos onagros,

Verg. G. 3, 409 al. —

Of the motion caused by the wind, to drive to and fro, toss about, agitate, disturb:

ventus enim fit, ubi est agitando percitus aër,

when the air is violently agitated and driven, Lucr. 6, 686:

mare ventorum vi agitari atque turbari,

Cic. Clu. 49 fin.; id. Univ. 3, 7:

freta ponti Incipiunt agitata tumescere,

Verg. G. 1, 357:

aristas,

Ov. A. A. 1, 553:

Zephyris agitata Tempe,

Hor. C. 3, 1, 24:

ventis agitatur pinus,

id. ib. 2, 10, 9:

veteres agitantur orni,

id. ib. 1, 9, 12:

agitaret aura capillos,

id. Epod. 15, 9.—

Of the motion caused by the water: agitata numina Trojae, tossed or driven about upon the sea, Verg. A. 6, 68; Prop. 3, 21, 5.—

In gen., of the motion caused by other things:

magnes (lapis) agitat (ferri ramenta) per aes,

Lucr. 6, 1054:

agitari inter se concursu,

Cic. N. D. 1, 39: pulsu externo agitari, Macr Somn. Scip. 9.— Poet. of mist, to produce it by motion or agitation: dejectuque (Peneus) gravi tenues agitantia fumos Nubila conducit, and by its impetuous descent (into the valley) raises clouds producing mist, Ov. M. 1, 571—

Trop.

To rouse up, excite, move, urge, drive, impel one to something: aliquem, sometimes in aliquid (so in Florus very freq.):

in furias agitantur equae,

are excited to fury, Ov. A. A. 2, 487:

agitare plebem,

to stir up, rouse, Liv. 3, 11:

populum,

Flor. 2, 12, 2; so id. 11, 6, 2 al.:

agitatus cupiditate regni,

id. 3, 1:

gens sacratis legibus agitata in exitium urbis,

id. 1, 16, 7.—

To disquiet, disturb, to drive hither and thither, to vex, trouble, torment (the fig. taken from the sea agitated by storm; cf. Gernh. and Beier upon Cic. Off. 1, 24, 82):

dii deaeque te agitant irati,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 115:

atra bilis agitat hominem,

id. Capt. 3, 4, 64; so id. Curc. 1, 1, 92; 2, 1, 24:

ut eos agitent furiae, neque usquam consistere patiantur,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 24 (cf. Verg. A. 3, 331:

scelerum furiis agitatus Orestes,

id. ib. 4, 471):

suum quemque scelus agitat amentiaque afficit,

id. ib. 24:

agitare et insequi poëtas,

Tac. Or. 4; 25 and 41:

multis injuriis jactata atque agita ta,

Cic. Quint. 2:

est magni viri, rebus agitatis (= perturbatis, Beier) punire sontes,

id. Off. 1, 24, 82:

agitabatur animus inopiā rei familiaris et conscientiā scelerum,

Sall. C. 5, 7:

quos conscientia defectionis agitabat,

Tac. Agr. 16:

commotus metu atque libidine diversus agitabatur,

was drawn in different directions, Sall. J 25, 6; Liv. 22, 12. ne te semper inops agitet vexetque cupido, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 98:

quos agitabat timor,

Tac. Agr. 16:

timore et metu agitati,

Vulg. Judith, 15, 1:

injuriis agitatus,

Flor. 1, 8, 7:

seditionibus,

Just. 12, 4, 12.—

To assail with reproach, derision, insult; to reprove, blame, scoff, deride, insult, mock:

agitat rem militarem, insectatur totam legationem,

attacks, ridicules, Cic. Mur. 9, 21; id. Brut. 28, 109: mea saevis agitat fastidia verbis, Hor Epod. 12, 13; without verbis:

agitant expertia frugis,

id. A. P. 341:

vesanum poëtam agitant pueri,

id. ib. 456.—

In gen., to drive or urge on a thing, to accomplish or do, to drive at, to be employed in, be engaged in, to have, hold, keep, to celebrate; v. ago, II. D. (in the historians, esp. Sallust, very freq.):

Haec ego non agitem?

should I not drive at? Juv. 1, 52:

vigilias,

to keep, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 27; so,

custodiam,

id. Rud. 3, 6, 20; so Tac. A. 11, 18:

hoc agitemus convivium vino et sermone suavi,

let us celebrate, Plaut. As. 5, 1, 7:

Dionysia,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 11; so id. Hec. 1, 2, 18:

convivia,

Ov. M. 7, 431; Suet. Claud. 32 festa gaudia, Sil. 15, 423:

meum natalem,

Plaut. Pers. 5, 1, 16;

so festos dies,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 63:

jocos,

Ov. M. 3, 319:

agraria lex a Flavio tribuno plebis vehementer agitabatur,

was powerfully urged, supportcd, Cic. Att. 1, 19:

quae cum praecepta parentis mei agitarem,

was striving to comply with, Sall. J. 14, 2 (modestius dictum pro:

studere, ut agerem, Cort.): laeti pacem agitabamus,

were at peace, enjoyed the delights of peace, id. ib. 14, 10:

dicit se missum a consule venisse quaesitum ab eo, pacem an bellum agitaturus foret,

id. ib. 109, 2:

quoniam deditionis morā induciae agitabantur,

there was a truce, id. ib. 29, 4; id. C. 24, 2.— Poet.:

ceu primas agitant acies, certamina miscent,

as if they formed the front rank, Sil. 9, 330.—Hence of time, esp. life, to pass, spend (cf. ago, II. D 5.):

vita hominum sine cupiditate agitabatur,

Sall. C. 2, 1:

agitare aevum,

Verg. G. 4, 154; id. A. 10, 235:

festos dies,

Tac. H. 3, 78.—In Sall., Tac., Flor., et al., agitare absol., to live, dwell, abide, sojourn, be:

hi propius mare Africum agitabant,

Sall. J 18, 9; cf id. ib. 19, 5; id. Fragm. H. 3, 11; so id. J. 54, 2; 59, 1; 94, 4:

laeti Germant agitabant,

Tac. A. 1, 50:

secretus agitat,

id. ib. 11, 21:

montium editis sine cultu atque eo ferocius agitabant,

id. ib. 4, 46; Flor. 4, 12, 48.—

Of the mind: agitare aliquid or de aliquā re (in corde, in mente, animo, cum animo, secum, etc.), to drive at a thing in the mind, i. e. to turn over, revolve, to weigh, consider, meditate upon, and with the idea of action to be performed or a conclusion to be made, to deliberate upon, to devise, contrive, plot, to be occupied with, to design, intend, etc.: id ego semper mecum sic agito et comparo, Att ap. Non. 256, 20:

quom eam rem in corde agito,

Plaut. Truc 2, 5, 3:

id agitans mecum,

Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 10; so Sall. J. 113, 3:

habet nihil aliud quod agitet in mente,

Cic. N. D. 1, 41:

est tuum sic agitare animo, ut, etc.,

id. Fam. 6, 1:

quae omnes animo agitabant,

Tac. A. 6, 9:

provincias secretis imaginationibus agitans,

id. ib. 15, 36 in animo bellum, Liv 21, 2; Vell. 1, 16; Quint. 12, 2, 28.—With inf., as object:

ut mente agitaret bellum renovare,

Nep. Ham. 1, 4.— Poet.:

aliquid jamdudum invadere magnum Mens agitat mihi,

Verg. A 9, 187. —Sometimes also without mente, animo, and the like, agitare aliquid, in the same signif:

quodsi ille hoc unum agitare coeperit, esse, etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 96:

rem a me saepe deliberatam et multum agitatam requiris,

id. Ac. 1, 2: oratori omnia quaesita, disputata, tractata, agitata ( well considered or weighed) esse debent, id. de Or. 3, 14:

fugam,

Verg. A. 2, 640.—So esp. freq. in Tac.:

Britanni agitare inter se mala servitutis, Agr 15: bellum adversus patrem agitare,

id. H. 4, 86, id. A. 1, 5; 1, 12.—With de:

de bello,

Tac. H. 2, 1:

agitanti de Claudio,

id. A. 6, 46:

de tempore ac loco caedis agitabant,

id. ib. 15, 50; 1, 12; id. H. 4, 59.—With num:

agitavere, num Messalinam depellerent amore Silli,

Tac. A. 11, 29; id. H. 1, 19.— With - ne:

agitavere placeretne, etc.,

Tac. H. 3, 1.—With an:

an Artaxata pergeret, agitavit,

Tac. A. 13, 41 —With quomodo, Tac. A. 2, 12.—With ut (of purpose):

ut Neronem pudor caperet, insita spe agitari,

Tac. A. 16, 26.—

To treat or speak of or concerning a thing, to confer about, deliberate upon. Romae per omnīs locos et conventus de facto consulis agitart ( impers., for agitabatur), discussions were had, Sall. J 30, 1;

cum de foedere victor agitaret,

Liv. 9, 5; 30, 3.—

Sat agitare, with gen., in Plaut., = sat agere, to have enough to do, to have trouble with: nunc agitas sat tute tuarum rerum, Bacch. 4, 3, 23.

dē, adv.: of place, down, only in the phrase susque deque, q. v.

dē, prep. [perh. for ded; cf. Oscan dat, old abl. of pronom. stem da; cf. also Lith. praep. da, as far as; and the suffixes, old case-forms, -dam, -dem, -dum, -do, with the locative -de; v. Ribbeck, Beitr. z. L. v. d. Lat. Part. p. 4 sq.] (with abl., denotes the going out, departure, removal, or separating of an object from any fixed point. Accordingly, it occupies a middle place between ab, away from, which denotes a mere external departure, and ex, out of, which signifies from the interior of a thing. Hence verbs compounded with de are constr. not only with de, but quite as freq. with ab and ex; and, on the other hand, those compounded with ab and ex often have the terminus a quo indicated by de), from, away from, down from, out of, etc.

In space, lit. and trop. with verbs of motion: animam de corpore mitto, Enn. ap. Non. p. 150, 6 (Ann. v. 216 Vahl.):

aliquo quom jam sucus de corpore cessit,

Lucr. 3, 224:

(quod Ariovistus) de altera parte agri Sequanos decedere juberet,

to depart, withdraw from, Caes. B. G. 1, 31, 10; cf.:

civitati persuasit, ut de finibus suis cum omnibus copiis exirent,

id. ib. 1, 2:

decedere de provincia,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 20, § 49 ( = ex provincia, id. ib. 2, 2, 65, §

147): de vita decedere,

Cic. Rab. Perd. 11:

exire de vita,

id. Lael. 4, 15 (cf.:

excedere e vita,

id. ib. 3, 12):

de triclinio, de cubiculo exire,

id. de Or. 2, 65 fin.:

hamum de cubiculo ut e navicula jacere,

Plin. Ep. 9, 7, 4:

de castris procedere,

Sall. C. 61, 8 et saep.:

brassica de capite et de oculis omnia (mala) deducet,

Cato R. R. 157, 6:

de digito anulum detraho,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 38; cf.:

de matris complexu aliquem avellere atque abstrahere,

Cic. Font. 17:

nomen suum de tabula sustulit,

id. Sest. 33, 72:

ferrum de manibus extorsimus,

id. Cat. 2, 1, 2:

juris utilitas vel a peritis vel de libris depromi potest,

id. de Or. 1, 59, 252 et saep.:

... decido de lecto praeceps,

Plaut. Casin. 5, 2, 50:

de muro se deicere,

Caes. B. C. 1, 18, 3:

de sella exsilire,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 30 fin.:

nec ex equo vel de muro, etc., hostem destinare,

Tert. adv. Jud. 9, p. 192:

de caelo aliquid demittere,

Lucr. 2, 1155; cf. Cato R. R. 14, 3 et saep.—

In gen., to indicate the person or place from which any thing is taken, etc., with verbs of taking away, depriving, demanding, requesting, inquiring, buying; as capere, sumere, emere, quaerere, discere, trahere, etc., and their compounds; cf.:

emere de aliquo,

Cato R. R. 1, 4:

aliquid mercari de aliquo,

Cic. Fl. 20 et saep.:

de aliquo quaerere, quid, etc.,

Cic. Att. 1, 14, 2:

saepe hoc audivi de patre,

id. de Or. 3, 33, 133; cf.:

de mausoleo exaudita vox est,

Suet. Ner. 46:

ut sibi liceret discere id de me,

Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 31;

so with petere, of place (class.): de vicino terra petita solo,

Ov. F. 4, 822;

so of persons (late Lat.): peto de te,

Dig. 36, 1, 57, § 2; Apul. M. 6, p. 179, 40.

To point out the place from which any thing is brought; and hence, trop., to indicate its origin, derivation, etc.: of, from: de circo astrologi, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 58; so,

caupo de via Latina,

Cic. Clu. 59, 163:

nescio qui de circo maximo,

id. Mil. 24, 65:

declamator aliqui de ludo aut rabula de foro,

id. Or. 15, 47:

homo de schola atque a magistro... eruditus,

id. de Or. 2, 7, 28:

nautae de navi Alexandrina,

Suet. Aug. 98:

aliquis de ponte,

i. e. a beggar, Juv. 14, 134:

Libyca de rupe leones,

Ov. F. 2, 209:

nostro de rure corona,

Tib. 1, 1, 15:

Vaticano fragiles de monte patellas,

Juv. 6, 344 al.:

de summo loco Summoque genere eques,

Plaut. Capt. prol. 30; cf. id. Aul. prol. 28; id. Poen. 3, 1, 13:

genetrix Priami de gente vetusta,

Verg. A. 9, 284; cf. id. ib. 10, 350; Stat. S. 5, 3, 126:

de Numitore sati,

Ov. F. 5, 41:

de libris,

Cic. de Or. 1, 59, 252:

de Philocteta, id,

ib. 3, 35, 141 (cf.:

e Philocteta versus,

Quint. 3, 1, 14).

Transf., to indicate the quarter from which motion proceeds (cf. ab), from, and because motion is so often and naturally downwards, down from:

haec agebantur in conventu, palam, de sella ac de loco superiore,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 40; cf. ib. 2, 2, 38:

quem ad se vocari et de tribunali citari jussit,

id. ib. 2, 5, 7:

qui nihil ex occulto, nihil de insidiis, agendum putant,

Cic. Off. 1, 30, 109; cf.

de tergo plagas dare,

from behind, Plaut. Asin. 2, 2, 10; Just. 20, 5, 5:

de paupere mensa dona,

Tib. 1, 1, 37 et saep.—In jurid. Latin: de plano discutere, interloqui, cognoscere, etc., i. e. on level ground, not on the tribunal (cf. chamothen, opp. pro bêmatos, Dig. 27, 1, 13, § 10), Dig. 1, 4, 1; 1, 16, 9; 14. 3, 11 et saep.; so, de plano, off-hand, without formal consideration, Lucr. 1, 411;

v. planus.—And with pendeo, etc. (the motion in the eye transferred to the object): deque viri collo dulce pependit onus,

Ov. F. 2, 760:

lucerna de camera pendebat,

Petr. 30, 3; cf.:

et nova de gravido palmite gemma tumet,

Ov. F. 1, 152:

de qua pariens arbore nixa dea est,

leaning downwards against the tree, id. H. 21, 100.

In time.

Immediately following a given moment of time, after, directly after (very rare):

de concursu,

Lucr. 1, 384 (cf. Munro, ad loc.):

velim scire hodiene statim de auctione aut quo die venias,

Cic. Att. 12, 3:

non bonus somnus est de prandio,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 8:

de eorum verbis prosilui, etc.,

id. Trin. 1, 2, 178.—Hence, diem de die, from day to day, day after day, Liv. 5, 48:

cum is diem de die differret, dum, etc.,

id. 25, 25; cf.:

diem de die proferendo,

Just. 2, 15, 6: de die in diem, from day to day, daily (eccl. Lat.), Vulg. Psa. 60, 8; 2 Pet. 2, 8; Cypr. Ep. 3, 11.

De nocte, de vigilia, etc., to designate an act which begins or takes its origin from the night-time, Engl. during or in the course of the night, at night, by night, etc.: De. Rus cras cum filio Cum primo lucu ibo hinc. Mi. Imo de nocte censeo, to-night rather, Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 55: in comitium Milo de nocte venit, in the night (cf. shortly before, Milo media nocte in campum venit), Cic. Att. 4, 3, 4; cf. id. Mur. 33, 69:

vigilas tu de nocte,

id. ib. 9, 22; cf.:

de nocte evigilabat,

Suet. Vesp. 21:

ut jugulent homines, surgunt de nocte latrones,

at night, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 32;

and Hannibal surgere de nocte solitus, Frontin Strat. 4, 3, 7 et saep.: ut de nocte multa impigreque exsurrexi,

late in the night, Plaut. Rud. 4, 2, 10; so,

multa de nocte,

Cic. Sest. 35, 75; id. Att. 7, 4 fin. (for which multa nocte, id. Q. Fr. 2, 9); cf.

also: si de multa nocte (al. de nocte) vigilassent,

id. Att. 2, 15, 2:

Caesar mittit complures equitum turmas eo de media nocte,

Caes. B. G. 7, 45; 7, 88; so,

media de nocte,

at midnight, Suet. Calig. 26; Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 91:

Caesar de tertia vigilia e castris profectus,

in the third night-watch, Caes. B. G. 1, 12:

de tertia vigilia,

id. ib. 1, 21; Liv. 9, 44 Drak.; 40, 4 al.; cf.:

de quarta vigilia,

Caes. B. G. 1, 21, 3 al.; v. vigilia. —As in this manner de nocte became adverbially = nocte, so de die was sometimes used for die or per diem:

de die potare,

by day, in the daytime, Plaut. Asin. 4, 2, 16:

epulari de die,

Liv. 23, 8; Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 8; Catull. 47, 6; Suet. Calig. 37; id. Domit. 21; cf.:

bibulus media de luce Falerni,

Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 34;

and in a lusus verbb. with in diem,

Cic. Phil. 2, 34 fin. —Less freq., de mense:

navigare de mense Decembri,

in December, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 1 fin. —And once de tempore for tempore: ipse de tempore coenavit, Auct. B. Hisp. 33, 5.

In other relations, implying separation, departure from, etc.

To designate the whole, from which a part is taken, or of which a part is separately regarded, etc., from among, out of, from:

hominem certum misi de comitibus meis,

Cic. Att. 8, 1, 2:

gladio percussus ab uno de illis,

id. Mil. 24, 65:

si quis de nostris hominibus,

id. Flacc. 4:

quemvis de iis qui essent idonei,

id. Div. in Caecil. 4 fin.:

de tribus et decem fundis tres nobilissimi fundi,

id. Rosc. Am. 35, 99 et saep.:

accusator de plebe,

id. Brut. 34, 131:

pulsare minimum de plebe Quiritem,

Ov. Am. 1, 7, 29; cf. Liv. 7, 17:

malus poëta de populo,

Cic. Arch. 10, 25 et saep.:

partem solido demere de die,

Hor. Od. 1, 1, 20:

quantum de vita perdiderit,

Petr. 26:

praeteriine tuas de tot caelestibus aras,

Ov. Her. 21, 179; Juv. 1, 138. —

Sometimes de with abl. takes the place of the gen. partit. or gen. obj. In the best writers this occurs mainly

to avoid ambiguity where genitives would be multiplied:

ne expers partis esset de nostris bonis,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 39:

ut aliquem partem de istius impudentia reticere possim,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 12, § 32;

for greater precision:

si quae sunt de eodem genere,

id. Tusc. 4, 7, 16:

persona de mimo,

id. Phil. 2, 27, 65;

in the poets, metri gratiā:

aliquid de more vetusto,

Ov. F. 6, 309; Grat. Cyneg. 17:

laudes de Caesare,

Ov. Pont. 4, 13, 23:

cetera de genere hoc,

Hor. Sat. 1, 1, 13; Lucr. 4, 746. This circumlocution was freq. [p. 514] in comic writers and in vulgar lang., and became more common in the declining periods of the lang., so that in the Romance tongues de, di, etc., with a case represent the earlier genitive (so, conscius, conscientia, meminisse, mentionem facere, recordari, etc., de aliqua re for alicujus rei, v. h. vv.).

To indicate the property from which the costs of any thing are taken:

obsonat, potat, olet unguenta de meo,

Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 37; so,

de tuo,

Plaut. Bac. 1, 1, 65:

de suo,

Cic. Att. 16, 16, A, 5; Suet. Caes. 19:

de nostro,

Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 11:

de vestro,

Liv. 6, 15, 10; cf.:

de vestris,

Ov. F. 3, 828:

de alieno,

Liv. 3, 1, 3; Just. 36, 3 fin.:

de publico,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 44; Liv. 1, 20; 2, 16; 4, 60. For de tuo, once de te:

de te largitor puer,

Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 17.—Also in a trop. sense:

ad tua praecepta de meo nihil his novum apposivi,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 31; cf. id. Men. 1. 2, 40; Cic. Fam. 4, 3; Plin. Ep. 4, 13, 8.— Poet., to denote that out of which, or by which, one pays a penalty or suffers punishment:

has vestro de sanguine poenas datis,

Luc. 4, 805; cf.:

cum de visceribus tuis satisfacturus sis quibus debes,

Cic. Q. Frat. 1, 3, 7.

To designate the material of which any thing is made, of, out of, from:

niveo factum de marmore signum,

Ov. M. 14, 313; cf. Verg. G. 3, 13:

verno de flore corona,

Tib. 2, 1, 59:

sucus de quinquefolio,

Plin. 26, 4, 11:

cinis de fico,

Pall. 1, 35, 3 et saep.:

de templo carcerem fleri,

Cic. Phil. 5, 7; cf. Flor. 2, 6, 32:

captivum de rege facturi,

Just. 7, 2, 11; cf.:

inque deum de bove versus erat,

Ov. F. 5, 616 et saep.:

fles de rhetore consul,

Juv. 7, 197.—Cf. trop. by means of:

de eodem oleo et opera exaravi nescio quid ad te,

Cic. Att. 13, 38.—Prov.:

de nihilo nihilum,

Pers. 3, 84; cf. Lucr. 1, 157 sq.

In mental operations, to indicate the subject-matter or theme on which any mental act (thinking, considering, advising, determining, etc.; discoursing, informing, exhorting, deciding, disputing, doubting, etc.) is founded; of, about, concerning, Gr. peri:

cogitare de aliqua re, etc. (the most common signification): multa narrare de Laelio,

Cic. Lael. 1, 1:

dubitare de re,

id. Fam. 3, 10, 15:

de suo adventu docere,

Suet. Caes. 9:

de moribus admonere,

Sall. Cat. 5, 9 et saep.—With this, too, is connected its use,

To indicate the producing cause or reason, for, on account of, because of:

nam id nisi gravi de causa non fecisset,

Cic. Att. 7, 7, 3; cf. id. de Or. 1, 41, 186; Cael ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 15; Cic. Att. 11, 3:

de quo nomine ad arbitrum adiisti, de eo ad judicium venisti,

id. Rosc. Com. 4, 12:

flebat uterque non de suo supplicio, sed pater de filii morte, de patris filius,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 30, § 76:

de labore pectus tundit,

with pain, Plaut. Casin. 2, 6, 63:

incessit passu de vulnere tardo,

Ov. M. 10, 49:

humus fervet de corpore,

id. ib. 7, 560:

facilius de odio creditur,

Tac. H. 1, 34:

quod erat de me feliciter Ilia mater,

through me, Ov. F. 3, 233 et saep.

To indicate the thing with reference to which any thing is done, with respect to, concerning:

de istac re in oculum utrumvis conquiescito,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 121: nil peccat de savio, Caec. ap. Gell. 2, 23, 11 (v. 161 Ribbeck):

credere de numero militum,

Cic. Att. 9, 1, 2:

de numero dierum fidem servare,

Caes. B. G. 6, 36; Sall. C. 50, 3:

de ceteris senatui curae fore,

id. Jug. 26, 1:

concessum ab nobilitate de consule plebeio,

Liv. 6, 42:

solem de virgine rapta consule,

Ov. F. 4, 581 et saep.—Ellipt.:

de argento somnium,

as for the money, Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 50 (for which id. Heaut. 4, 2, 4: quod de argento sperem, nihil est): Varr. R. R. 1, 59, 1:

de Dionysio sum admiratus,

Cic. Att. 9, 12; id. Off. 1, 15, 47:

de me autem suscipe paullisper meas partes,

id. Fam. 3, 12, 2; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 36 et saep.:

de Samnitibus triumphare,

concerning, over, Cic. Sen. 16, 55; cf. Hor. 4, 2, 88:

de Atheniensibus victoria,

Curt. 8, 1, 33.

To indicate the thing in conformity with which any thing is done, according to, after:

secundum: DE SENATVOS SENTENTIAD, S. C. de Bac.: fecisse dicas de mea sententia,

Plaut. Bac. 4, 9, 115; cf.:

de suorum propinquorum sententia atque auctoritate fecisse dicatur,

Cic. Cael. 29: de consilii sententia Mamertinis se frumentum non imperare pronunciat, id. Verr. 2, 5, 21 al.:

de ejus consilio velle sese facere,

Ter. Ph. 3, 1, 17:

vix de mea voluntate concessum est,

Cic. Att. 4, 2, 4:

de exemplo meo ipse aedificato,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 86:

de more vetusto,

Verg. A. 11, 142; Ov. M. 7, 606:

de nomine,

id. ib. 1, 447:

patrioque vocat de nomine mensem,

id. F. 3, 77.

With adjectives to form adverbial expressions.

De integro, anew ( = ab integro, ex integro; cf.: iterum, rursus, denuo), indidemque eadem aeque oriuntur de integro, atque eodem occidunt, Pac. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 17 Müll. (v. 92 Ribb.):

ratio de integro ineunda est mihi,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 7; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 56; id. Att. 13, 27; id. Fam. 12, 30, 2 et saep. (The combination de novo appears only in the contracted form denuo, v. h. v.).—

De improviso, unexpectedly:

ubi de improviso interventum est mulieri,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 40; id. And. 2, 2, 23; id. Ad. 3, 3, 53; Caes. B. G. 2, 3; 5, 22; 5, 39 et saep.; Cic. Rosc. Am. 52, 151 et saep.—

De transverso, unexpectedly:

ecce autem de transverso L. Caesar ut veniam ad se rogat,

Cic. Att. 15, 4 fin.; Auct. Her. 4, 10, 14.

or pron. and its substantive; cf.

above multa de nocte, media de nocte, gravi de causa, etc.: qua de re,

Ter. Andr. 1, 2, 13; esp. in the judic. formula: qua de re agitur; cf. Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 6; Cic. Brut. 79 fin. Also freq. after a simple relative:

quo de,

Cic. Inv. 1, 28, 41; 54, 104; 2, 11, 37:

qua de,

id. ib. 2, 23, 70 et saep.

In composition the e becomes short before a vowel, as in dĕhisco, dĕhinc, dĕorsum, and coincides with it in the poets by synaeresis; cf.: dehinc, deinde, deinceps, deorsum; sometimes contraction takes place, as in debeo, debilis, dego, demo, from dehabeo, de-habilis, de-ago, de-emo.—

Signif.

Separation, departure, removal, taking away; off, away, down, out: decedo, demigro, demeto, depromo, descendo, devolvo, derivo, deflecto, etc.; and trop. dedico, denuntio; and in a downward direction, decido, decumbo, deprimo, demergo, delabor, defluo, demitto, desido, desideo, declivis, deculco, degredior, deicio, etc.—

Cessation, removal of the fundamental idea ( = un-, de-, dis-): dearmo, deartuo, decresco, dedisco, dedecoro, dedignor, dedoceo, denascor, denormo, desum, etc.; and hence direct negation, as in dedecet, deformis, demens, etc.—

With reference to the terminus of the action: defero, defigo, demitto, etc.; hence also trop., with reference to the extent of the action, to the uttermost, to exhaustion, through. out: debacchor, debello, dedolo, delino, delibuo, etc.: defatigo, delaboro, delasso, etc.; hence freq. a mere strengthening of the fundamental idea, = valde, thoroughly, much: demiror, demitigo, etc.—

Giving a bad sense to the verb: decipio, delinquo, deludo, derideo, detestor.—

Rarely, contraction from a broad into a narrow space, together: deligo, devincio. See also Hand Turs. II. p. 183-229.

sisto, stĭti (Charis. p. 220, and Diom. p. 369, give steti for both sisto and sto, confining stiti to the compounds of both. But steti, as perfect of sisto, is late jurid. Lat., and perh. dub.;

for steterant,

Verg. A. 3, 110;

steterint,

id. ib. 3, 403; Liv. 8, 32, 12, belong to stare; cf. also Gell. 2, 14, 1 sqq.; and v. Neue, Formenl. 2, 461 sq.), stătum [root stă, strengthened by reduplication; cf. histêmi], used in two general senses, I. To cause to stand, place, = colloco, pono; II. To stand, be placed, = sto.

Sistere, in gen., = collocare (in class. prose only in the partic. uses, v. A. 4. C. and D., infra).

Causative, with acc.

To place = facere ut stet; constr. with in and abl., with abl. alone, and with ad, super, etc., and acc.:

O qui me gelidis in vallibus Haemi Sistat,

Verg. G. 2, 489:

tertia lux classem Cretaeis sistet in oris,

id. A. 3, 117 (classis stat;

v. sto): inque tuo celerem litore siste gradum,

Ov. H. 13, 102 (cf. infra, III. 2. A.):

jaculum clamanti (al. clamantis) sistit in ore,

plants the dart in his face, Verg. A. 10, 323:

disponit quas in fronte manus, medio quas robore sistat,

Stat. Th. 7, 393:

(equum ligneum) sacratā sistimus arā,

Verg. A. 2, 245:

aeternis potius me pruinis siste,

Stat. Th. 4, 395: ut stata (est) lux pelago, as soon as light was set ( shone) on the sea, id. ib. 5, 476:

victima Sistitur ante aras,

Ov. M. 15, 132:

quam (suem) Aeneas ubi... sistit ad aram,

Verg. A. 8, 85:

post haec Sistitur crater,

Ov. M. 8, 669: vestigia in altero (monte) sisti (non posse), that no footprints can be placed ( made) on the other mountain, Plin. 2, 96, 98, § 211:

cohortes expeditas super caput hostium sistit,

Tac. H. 3, 77; cf. id. A. 12, 13; Stat. Th. 4, 445; Sil. 4, 612. —

To place, as the result of guidance or conveyance; hence, to convey, to send, lead, take, conduct to, = facere ut veniat; constr. with in and abl., with abl. alone, and with advv. of place: officio meo ripā sistetur in illā Haec, will be carried by me to, etc., Ov. M. 9, 109:

terrā sistēre petitā,

id. ib. 3, 635:

(vos) facili jam tramite sistam,

Verg. A. 6, 676:

ut eum in Syriā aut Aegypto sisterent orabat,

to convey him to, Tac. H. 2, 9.—So with hic (= in with abl.) or huc (= in with acc.):

hic siste patrem,

Sen. Phoen. 121:

Annam huc siste sororem,

Verg. A. 4, 634.—

To place an army in order of battle, draw up, = instruere:

aciem in litore sistit,

Verg. A. 10, 309; cf.:

sistere tertiam decimam legionem in ipso aggere jubet,

Tac. H. 3, 21.—

Se sistere = to betake one's self, to present one's self, to come (so twice in Cicero's letters):

des operam, id quod mihi affirmasti, ut te ante Kal. Jan., ubicumque erimus, sistas,

Cic. Att. 3, 25:

te vegetum nobis in Graeciā sistas,

id. ib. 10, 16, 6 (cf. infra, E.):

hic dea se primum rapido pulcherrima nisu Sistit,

Verg. A. 11, 853.—

With two acc. (cf.: praesto, reddo) = to cause to be in a certain condition, to place, etc.; often with dat. of interest (ante- and post-class., and poet.; cf.

supra, 4.): ego vos salvos sistam,

I will place you in safety, see you to a safe place, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 5:

omnia salva sistentur tibi,

all will be returned to you in good order, id. ib. 5, 3, 3; so,

suam rem sibi salvam sistam,

id. Poen. 5, 2, 123; cf.:

rectius tacitas tibi res sistam, quam quod dictum est mutae mulieri,

will keep your secrets, id. ib. 4, 2, 54:

neque (dotem) incolumem sistere illi, et detraxe autument,

that you deliver it entire to her, id. Trin. 3, 3, 15:

cum te reducem aetas prospera sistet,

Cat. 64, 238: tu modo servitio vacuum me siste (= praesta) superbo, set me free from, Prop. 4, 16 (3, 17), 42:

tutum patrio te limine sistam,

will see you safe home, Verg. A. 2, 620:

praedā onustos triumphantesque mecum domos reduces sistatis,

Liv. 29, 27, 3 Weissenb. ad loc.:

Pelasgis siste levem campum,

Stat. Th. 8, 328:

modo se isdem in terris victorem sisterent,

Tac. A. 2, 14:

operā tuā sistas hunc nobis sanum atque validum,

give him back to us, safe and sound, Gell. 18, 10, 7: ita mihi salvam ac sospitem rempublicam sistere in suā sede liceat, Aug. ap. Suet. Aug. 28.—

Neutr, with double nom., = exsistere, to be, to become: judex extremae sistet vitaeque necisque, he will become a judge, etc., Manil. 4, 548 (dub.):

tempora quod sistant propriis parentia signis,

id. 3, 529 (dub.; al. sic stant; cf. infra, II.).—

As neuter verb, to stand, rest, be placed, lie ( poet.);

constr. like sto: ne quis mihi obstiterit obviam, nam qui obstiterit, ore sistet,

will lie on his face, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 13 Brix ad loc.: (nemo sit) tantā gloriā... quin cadat, quin capite sistat, will be placed or stand on his head, id. Curc. 2, 3, 8:

ibi crebro, credo, capite sistebant cadi,

id. Mil. 3, 2, 36 Lorenz (Brix, hoc illi crebro capite):

ipsum si quicquam posse in se sistere credis,

to rest upon itself, Lucr. 1, 1057:

neque posse in terrā sistere terram,

nor can the earth rest upon itself, id. 2, 603:

at conlectus aquae... qui lapides inter sistit per strata viarum,

id. 4, 415:

incerti quo fata ferant, ubi sistere detur,

to rest, to stay, Verg. A. 3, 7; cf.:

quaesitisque diu terris, ubi sistere detur,

Ov. M. 1, 307. —

As jurid. term.

In both a causative and neuter sense = to produce in court, or to appear in court after being bound over by the judge or by promise to the adversary (vadimonium); constr. either absol. or with the dat. of the adversary to whom the promise is made (alicui sisti), to appear upon somebody's demand; also, in judicio sisti. The present active is either used reflexively (se sistere = to appear), or with a transitive object (sistere aliquem = to produce in court one in whose behalf the promise has been made). The present passive, sisti, sistendus, sistitur, = to appear or to be produced. The perfect act., stiti, stitisse, rarely the perfect passive, status sum, = to have appeared, I appeared. So in all periods of the language:

cum autem in jus vocatus fuerit adversarius, ni eo die finitum fuerit negotium, vadimonium ei faciendum est, id est ut promittat se certo die sisti,

Gai. 4, 184:

fit ut Alfenus promittat, Naevio sisti Quinctium,

that Quinctius would be forthcoming upon Naevius's complaint, Cic. Quint. 21, 67; cf. id. ib. 8, 30 (v. infra, B.):

testificatur, P. Quinctium non stitisse, et se stitisse,

id. ib. 6, 25:

quin puellam sistendam promittat (= fore ut puella sistatur in judicio),

Liv. 3, 45, 3:

interrogavit quisquam, in quem diem locumque vadimonium promitti juberet, et Scipio manum ad ipsam oppidi, quod obsidebatur, arcem protendens: Perendie sese sistant illo in loco,

Gell. 7, 1, 10:

si quis quendam in judicio sisti promiserit, in eādem causā eum debet sistere,

Dig. 2, 11, 11:

si servum in eādem causā sistere promiserit, et liber factus sistatur,... non recte sistitur,

ib. 2, 9, 5:

sed si statu liberum sisti promissum sit, in eādem causā sisti videtur, quamvis liber sistatur,

ib. 2, 9, 6:

cum quis in judicio sisti promiserit, neque adjecerit poenam si status non esset,

ib. 2, 6, 4:

si quis in judicio secundum suam promissionem non stitit,

ib. 2, 11, 2, § 1; cf. ib. 2, 5, 1; 2, 8, 2; 2, 11, 2, § 3.—

Vadimonium sistere, to present one's self in court, thus keeping the solemn engagement (vadimonium) made to that effect; lit., to make the vadimonium stand, i. e. effective, opp. deserere vadimonium = not to appear, to forfeit the vadimonium. The phrase does not occur in the jurists of the Pandects, the institution of the vadimonium being abolished by Marcus Aurelius. It is found in the following three places only: quid si vadimonium capite obvoluto stitisses? Cat. ap. Gell. 2, 14, 1: ut Quinctium sisti Alfenus promitteret. Venit Romam Quinctius;

vadimonium sistit,

Cic. Quint. 8, 30:

ut nullum illa stiterit vadimonium sine Attico,

Nep. Att. 9; Gai. 4, 185; cf. diem sistere under status, P. a. infra.—

Transf., out of judicial usage, in gen., = to appear or present one's self, quasi ex vadimonio; constr. absol. or with dat. of the person entitled to demand the appearance:

ubi tu es qui me vadatus's Veneriis vadimoniis? Sisto ego tibi me, et mihi contra itidem ted ut sistas suadeo (of a lover's appointment),

Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 5; so,

tibi amatorem illum alacrem vadimonio sistam,

produce, App. M. 9, p. 227, 14:

nam promisimus carnufici aut talentum magnum, aut hunc hodie sistere,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 73:

vas factus est alter ejus sistendi, ut si ille non revertisset, moriendum esset sibi,

Cic. Off. 3, 10, 45. —

Fana sistere, acc. to Festus anciently used, either = to place ( secure and fix places for) temples in founding a city, or to place the couches in the lectisternia:

sistere fana, cum in urbe condendā dicitur, significat loca in oppido futurorum fanorum constituere: quamquam Antistius Labeo, in commentario XV. juris pontificii ait fana sistere esse lectisternia certis locis et diebus habere,

Fest. p. 267 Lind. To this usage Plaut. perh. alludes:

apud illas aedis sistendae mihi sunt sycophantiae,

the place about that house I must make the scene of my tricks, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 25.—

Sistere monumenta, etc., or sistere alone, to erect statues, etc. (= statuere; post-class. and rare;

mostly in Tac.): ut apud Palatium effigies eorum sisteret,

Tac. A. 15, 72:

cum Augustus sibi templum sisti non prohibuisset,

id. ib. 4 37:

at Romae tropaea de Parthis arcusque sistebantur,

id. ib. 15, 18:

monuere ut... templum iisdem vestigiis sisteretur,

id. H. 4, 53:

sistere monumenta,

Aus. Ep. 24, 55: Ast ego te... Carthaginis arce Marmoreis sistam templis (cf. histanai tina), Sil. 8, 231; v. statuo.

Sistere = to cause what is tottering or loose to stand firm, to support or fasten; and neutr., to stand firm.

Causative (rare;

perh. not in class. prose) = stabilire: sucus... mobilis (dentes) sistit,

Plin. 20, 3, 8, § 15; and trop.: hic (Marcellus) rem Romanam magno turbante tumultu Sistet (cf.: respublica stat;

v. sto),

Verg. A. 6, 858; cf.:

non ita civitatem aegram esse, ut consuetis remediis sisti posset,

Liv. 3, 20, 8 (where sisti may be impers.; v. infra, III. C.).—

Neutr., to stand firm, to last, = stare:

nec mortale genus, nec divum corpora sancta Exiguom possent horai sistere tempus,

Lucr. 1, 1016: qui rem publicam sistere negat posse, nisi ad equestrem ordinem judicia referantur, Cotta ap. Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 96, § 223.—

Neutr., to stand firm, to resist:

nec quicquam Teucros Sustentare valet telis, aut sistere contra,

Verg. A. 11, 873; so with dat. = resistere:

donec Galba, inruenti turbae neque aetate neque corpore sistens, sella levaretur,

Tac. H. 1, 35; cf. sisti = resistere, III. B. 1. f. infra.

Sistere = to stand still, and to cause to stand still.

Neutr. = stare (rare; in Varr., Tac., and the poets).

To stand still:

solstitium dictum est quod sol eo die sistere videatur,

Varr. L. L. 5, p. 53 (Bip.):

sistunt amnes,

Verg. G. 1, 479:

incurrit, errat, sistit,

Sen. Herc. Oet. 248.—

To remain, stop:

Siste! Quo praeceps ruis?

Sen. Thyest. 77; id. Oedip. 1050:

vis tu quidem istum intra locum sistere?

will you remain in that position? Tac. A. 4, 40.—

Trop., to stop, not to go any farther:

depunge, ubi sistam,

Pers. 6, 79:

nec in Hectore tracto sistere,

to stop at the dragging of Hector, Stat. Achill. 1, 7.—

To cease (dub.):

hactenus sistat nefas' pius est,

if his crime ceases here, he will be pious, Sen. Thyest. 744 (perh. act., to stop, end).—

Causative (not ante-Aug.; freq. in Tac., Plin., and the poets).

To arrest, stop, check an advancing motion.

With gradum:

plano sistit uterque gradum,

arrest their steps, Prop. 5 (4), 10, 36; Verg. A. 6, 465:

siste properantem gradum,

Sen. Herc. Fur. 772:

repente sistunt gradum,

Curt. 4, 6, 14. —With pedem, Ov. R. Am. 80.—

With fugam, to stop, stay, check, stem, arrest the flight:

fugam foedam siste,

Liv. 1, 12, 5:

si periculo suo fugam sistere posset,

id. 30, 12, 1; so Curt. 8, 14, 37; 4, 16, 2; 8, 3, 2; Tac. A. 12, 39.—

Of vehicles, horses, etc.:

esseda siste,

Prop. 2, 1, 76:

equos,

Verg. A. 12, 355:

quadrijugos,

Stat. Achill. 2, 429; so id. Th. 5, 364.—

With iter, to arrest the advance of an army, to halt:

exercitus iter sistit,

Tac. H. 3, 50.—

With bellum, to halt (cf. infra, D.):

Aquilejae sisti bellum expectarique Mucianum jubebat,

Tac. H. 3, [p. 1712] 8.—

Of living objects, in gen.

To arrest their course, make them halt:

aegre coercitam legionem Bedriaci sistit,

Tac. H. 2, 23:

festinantia sistens Fata,

staying the hurrying Fates, Stat. S. 3, 4, 24.—So, se sistere with ab, to desist from:

non prius se ab effuso cursu sistunt,

Liv. 6, 29, 3; hence, to arrest by wounding, i. e. to wound or kill:

aliquem cuspide,

Sil. 1, 382; 1, 163; so,

cervum vulnere sistere,

id. 2, 78.—

To stop a hostile attack of persons, to resist them, ward them off:

ut non sisterent modo Sabinas legiones, sed in fugam averterent,

Liv. 1, 37, 3:

ibi integrae vires sistunt invehentem se jam Samnitem,

id. 10, 14, 18:

nec sisti vis hostium poterat,

Curt. 5, 3, 11:

nec sisti poterant scandentes,

Tac. H. 3, 71; 5, 21. —

Trop., to stop the advance of prices:

pretia augeri in dies, nec mediocribus remediis sisti posse,

Tac. A. 3, 52.—

To arrest the motion of fluids.

Of water:

sistere aquam fluviis,

Verg. A. 4, 489:

amnis, siste parumper aquas,

Ov. Am. 3, 6, 2:

quae concita flumina sistunt,

id. M. 7, 154:

sistito infestum mare,

calm, Sen. Agam. 523; cf. Ov. M. 7, 200; id. H. 6, 87; Plin. 28, 8, 29, § 118.—

Of blood and secretions:

(ea) quibus sistitur sanguis parari jubet,

Tac. A. 15, 54:

sanguinem,

Plin. 20, 7, 25, § 59; 28, 18, 73, § 239; 27, 4, 5, § 18:

haemorrhoidum abundantiam,

id. 27, 4, 5, § 19:

fluctiones,

id. 20, 8, 27, § 71, 34, 10, 23, § 105; 35, 17, 57, § 195:

nomas,

id. 30, 13, 39, § 116; 24, 16, 94, § 151:

mensis,

id. 23, 6, 60, § 112:

vomitiones,

id. 20, 20, 81, § 213:

alvum bubus,

id. 18, 16, 42, § 143:

alvum,

stop the bowels, id. 23, 6, 60, § 113; 22, 25, 59, § 126; 20, 5, 18, § 37:

ventrem,

id. 20, 23, 96, § 256; Mart. 13, 116.—

To arrest the motion of life, make rigid:

ille oculos sistit,

Stat. Th. 2, 539.—

To end, put an end to (= finem facere alicui rei); pass., to cease:

querelas,

Ov. M. 7, 711:

fletus,

id. ib. 14, 835:

lacrimas,

id. F. 1, 367; 480; 6, 154:

minas,

id. Tr. 1, 2, 60:

opus,

id. H. 16 (17), 266; id. M. 3, 153:

labores,

id. ib. 5, 490:

furorem,

Stat. Th. 5, 663:

furialem impetum,

Sen. Med. 157; id. Agam. 203:

pace tamen sisti bellum placet,

Ov. M. 14, 803:

antequam summa dies spectacula sistat,

id. F. 4, 387:

sitim sistere,

to allay, id. P. 3, 1, 18:

nec primo in limine sistit conatus scelerum,

suppresses, Stat. S. 5, 2, 86:

ruinas,

to stop destruction, Plin. Pan. 50, 4:

ventum,

to ward off, turn the wind, id. Ep. 2, 17, 17;

(motus terrae) non ante quadraginta dies sistuntur, = desinunt,

Plin. 2, 82, 84, § 198.—

Sistere with intra = to confine, keep within:

transgresso jam Alpes Caecina, quem sisti intra Gallias posse speraverant,

Tac. H. 2, 11:

dum populatio lucem intra sisteretur,

provided the raids were confined to day-time, id. A. 4, 48. —

Impers. and trop., to arrest or avoid an impending misfortune, or to stand, i. e. to endure; generally in the form sisti non potest (more rarely: sisti potest) = it cannot be endured, a disaster cannot be avoided or met (once in Plaut.; freq. in Liv.; sometimes in Tac.; cf., in gen., Brix ad Plaut. Trin. 720; Drak. ad Liv. 3, 16, 4; Weissenb. ad Liv. 2, 29, 8; Gronov. ad Liv. 4, 12, 6; Beneke ad Just. 11, 1, 6).

Without a subject, res or a noun of general import being understood:

quid ego nunc agam, nisi ut clipeum ad dorsum accommodem, etc.? Non sisti potest,

it is intolerable, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 94:

totam plebem aere alieno demersam esse, nec sisti posse nisi omnibus consulatur,

Liv. 2, 29, 8:

si domestica seditio adiciatur, sisti non posse,

the situation will be desperate, id. 45, 19, 3:

si quem similem priore anno dedissent, non potuisse sisti,

id. 3, 9, 8:

vixque concordiā sisti videbatur,

that the crisis could scarcely be met, even by harmonious action, id. 3, 16, 4:

qualicunque urbis statu, manente disciplinā militari sisti potuisse,

these evils were endurable, id. 2, 44, 10: exercitum gravi morbo affectari, nec sisti potuisse ni, etc., it would have ended in disaster, if not, etc., id. 29, 10, 1:

qui omnes populi si pariter deficiant, sisti nullo modo posse,

Just. 11, 1, 6 Gronov. ad loc.; cf. Liv. 3, 20, 8 supra, II. A. 1.— Rarely with a subject-clause understood: nec jam sisti poterat, and it was no longer tolerable, i. e. that Nero should disgrace himself, etc., Tac. A. 14, 14.—

Rarely with quin, to prevent etc. (pregn., implying also the stopping of something; cf.

supra, III. B. 1.): neque sisti potuit quin et palatium et domus et cuncta circum haurirentur (igni),

Tac. A. 15, 39.—Hence, stătus, a, um, P. a., as attribute of nouns, occurs in several conventional phrases, as relics of archaic usage.

Status (condictusve) dies cum hoste, in the XII. Tables, = a day of trial fixed by the judge or agreed upon with the adversary;

esp., a peregrinus (= hostis),

Cic. Off. 1, 12, 37. It presupposes a phrase, diem sistere, prob.=vadimonium sistere (v. supra, I. C. 2.). Such an appointment was an excuse from the most important public duties, even for soldiers from joining the army, Cinc. ap. Gell. 16, 4, 4.—

Hence, transf.: si status condictus cum hoste intercedit dies, tamen est eundum quo imperant,

i. e. under all circumstances we must go, Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 5.—

In certain phrases, appointed, fixed, regular (cf. statutus, with which it is often confounded in MSS.):

status dies: tres in anno statos dies habere quibus, etc.,

Liv. 39, 13, 8:

stato loco statisque diebus,

id. 42, 32, 2; so id. 5, 52, 2; 27, 23 fin.:

stato lustri die,

Sen. Troad. 781:

status sacrificii dies,

Flor. 1, 3, 16:

statum tempus, statā vice, etc.: lunae defectio statis temporibus fit,

Liv. 44, 37 init.; so id. 28, 6, 10:

stato tempore,

Tac. A. 12, 13; id. H. 4, 81; Plin. 11, 37, 65, § 173:

stata tempora (partus),

Stat. Achill. 2, 673:

adeo in illā plagā mundus statas vices temporum mutat,

Curt. 8, 19, 13; so id. 9, 9, 9; 5, 1, 23; so, feriae, etc.: feriae statae appellabantur quod certo statutoque die observarentur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 69 Lind.:

stata quinquennia,

Stat. S. 5, 3, 113:

stata sacra or sacrificia: stata sacrificia sunt quae certis diebus fieri debent,

Fest. p. 264 Lind.:

proficiscuntur Aeniam ad statum sacrificium,

Liv. 40, 4, 9; 23, 35, 3; 5, 46, 2; 39, 13, 8; Cic. Mil. 17, 45:

solemne et statum sacrificium (al. statutum),

id. Tusc. 1, 47, 113; so Liv. 23, 35, 3:

stata sacra,

Ov. F. 2, 528; Stat. Th. 1, 666:

stata foedera,

id. ib. 11, 380:

status flatus,

Sen. Ben. 4, 28:

stati cursus siderum,

Plin. 18, 29, 69, § 291 (different: statae stellae = fixed stars, Censor. D. N. 8, belonging to II. 2. supra): statae febres, intermittent fevers, returning regularly, Plin. 28, 27, 28, § 107.—

Moderate, average, normal:

inter enim pulcherrimam feminam et deformissimam media forma quaedam est, quae et a nimio pulcritudinis periculo et a summo deformitatis odio vacat, qualis a Q. Ennio perquam eleganti vocabulo stata dicitur...Ennius autem eas fere feminas ait incolumi pudicitia esse quae statā formā forent,

Gell. 5, 11, 12 -14 (v. Enn. Trag. p. 133 Vahl.).

bracchĭum (less correctly brāchĭ-um; gen. bracchi, Lucr. 6, 434), ii, n. [perh. kindr. with Gr. brachiôn; but cf. Sanscr. bāhu; like frango, Sanscr. bhang, Bopp, Gloss. p. 239 a], the arm; particularly,

Lit., the forearm, from the hand to the elbow (while lacertus is the upper arm, from the elbow to the shoulder), Lucr. 4, 830; 6, 397:

bracchia et lacerti,

Ov. M. 1, 501; 1, 550 sq.:

subjecta lacertis bracchia,

id. ib. 14, 305; Curt. 8, 9, 21; 9, 1, 29:

(feminae) nudae bracchia et lacertos,

Tac. G. 17 (opp. umerus); Cels. 8, 1, § 79 sqq.; 8, 10, § 55 sqq.—Far oftener,

Transf.

In gen., the arm, the whole arm, from the shoulder to the fingers, Pac. ap. Non. p. 87, 26, and Varr. L. L. 5, 7, p. 4 Müll.; id. ap. Gell. 16, 16, 4:

quod eum bracchium fregisse diceret,

Cic. de Or. 2, 62, 253; cf. Cels. 1, 10, 3:

multi ut diu jactato bracchio praeoptarent scutum manu emittere et nudo corpore pugnare,

Caes. B. G. 1, 25:

bracchium (sc. dextrum) cohibere togā,

Cic. Cael. 5, 11 (cf. Sen. Contr. 5, 6:

bracchium extra togam exserere): eodem ictu bracchia ferro exsolvunt (i.e. venas incidunt, as, soon after, crurum et poplitum venas abrumpit),

Tac. A. 15, 63; 1, 41.—Of embraces:

collo dare bracchia circum,

to throw the arms round the neck, Verg. A. 6, 700; cf.:

circumdare collo,

Ov. M. 9, 459:

implicare collo,

id. ib. 1, 762:

inicere collo,

id. ib. 3, 389:

cervici dare,

Hor. C. 3, 9, 2:

lentis adhaerens bracchiis,

id. Epod. 15, 6: Hephaestionis bracchium hastā ictum est, Curt. 4, 16, 31:

ut in jaculando bracchia reducimus,

Quint. 10, 3, 6:

sinisteriore bracchio,

Suet. Dom. 17:

bracchia ad superas extulit auras,

Verg. A. 5, 427:

alternaque jactat Bracchia protendens (Dares),

id. ib. 5, 377:

juventus horrida bracchiis,

Hor. C. 3, 4, 50.—Of a rower:

si bracchia forte remisit,

Verg. G. 1, 202:

matri bracchia tendere,

Ov. M. 3, 723:

patrio tendens bracchia caelo,

id. ib. 9, 210:

tendens ad caelum bracchia,

id. ib. 9, 293:

precando Bracchia sustulerat,

id. ib. 6, 262.—Prov.:

dirigere bracchia contra Torrentem,

to swim against the current, Juv. 4, 89.—

Of the movement of the arms in speaking:

bracchii projectione in contentionibus, contractione in remissis,

Cic. Or. 18, 59; so Quint. 11, 3, 84:

extento bracchio paululum de gestu addidit,

Cic. de Or. 2, 59, 242:

demissa bracchia,

Quint. 2, 13, 9:

a latere modice remota,

id. 11, 3, 159:

ut bracchio exserto introspiciatur latus,

id. 11, 3, 118:

aliqui transversum bracchium proferunt et cubito pronunciant,

id. 11, 3, 93:

bracchium in latus jactant,

id. 4, 2, 39:

si contendemus per continuationem, bracchio celeri, mobili vultu utemur,

Auct. Her. 3, 15, 27.—

Of the motion of the arms in dancing:

bracchia in numerum jactare,

Lucr. 4, 769;

imitated by Ov.: numerosa bracchia jactat (ducit, Jahn),

Ov. Am. 2,4,29, and id. R. Am. 754; Lucr. 4, 790; imitated in Ov. A. A. 1, 595; Prop. 2 (3), 22, 6; imitated in Stat. S. 3, 5, 66; cf.

of the labors of the Cyclopes: illi inter sese magnā vi bracchia tollunt In numerum,

Verg. G. 4, 174.—

Trop.: levi or molli bracchio agere aliquid, to do any thing superficially, negligently, remissly (prob. peculiar to the lang. of conversation), Cic. Att. 4, 16, 6; so,

molli bracchio aliquem objurgare,

id. ib. 2, 1, 6.—Prov.:

praebuerim sceleri bracchia nostra tuo,

lend a hand, Ov. H. 7, 126.—

The limbs of animals analogous to the arms of men; of the claws of crawfish, etc., Ov. M. 4, 625; 10, 127; 15, 369; Plin. 9, 31, 51, § 97: hence also of the sign Cancer, Ov. M. 2, 83; also of Scorpio, Verg. G. 1, 34; Ov. M. 2, 82; 2, 195.—Of the claws of the nautilus, Plin. 9, 29, 47, § 88, and other sea-fish, id. 11, 48, 108, § 258.—Of the lion:

in feminum et bracchiorum ossibus,

Plin. 11, 37, 86, § 214.—

Comicé for armus or femur (as inversely armus = bracchium): Ar. Edepol vel elephanto in Indiā Quo pacto pugno perfregisti bracchium. Py. Quid? bracchium? Ar. Illud dicere volui femur, the shoulder, the shoulder-blade of the elephant, Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 26 sq. Brix ad loc.—

The branches of trees (cf. Ov. M. 1, 550: in ramos bracchia crescunt;

v. also manus and coma): vitem sub bracchia ungito,

Cato, R. R. 95 fin.;

of the vine,

Verg. G. 2, 368; Col. 4, 24, 2; 7, 8 sq.; 5, 5, 9 sq.; Pall. Febr. 9, 6;

id. Mai, 2, 1: quatiens bracchia Quercus,

Cat. 64, 105:

differt quod in bracchia ramorum spargitur,

Plin. 13, 9, 18, § 62:

(aesculus) Tum fortes late ramos et bracchia tendens, etc.,

Verg. G. 2, 296; Ov. M. 14, 630; Val. Fl. 8, 114.—

An arm of the sea:

nec bracchia longo Margine terrarum porrexerat Amphitrite,

Ov. M. 1, 13; Curt. 6, 4, 16.—

The collateral branches or ridges of a mountain:

Taurus ubi bracchia emittit,

Plin. 5, 27, 27, § 98.—

Poet., = antenna, the sail-yards:

jubet intendi bracchia velis,

Verg. A. 5, 829; cf. Stat. S. 5, 1, 244.—

In milit. lang., a ( natural or artificial) outwork or line for connecting two points in fortifications, etc.; Gr. skelê:

aliā parte consul muro Ardeae bracchium injunxerat,

a line of communication, Liv. 4, 9, 14; 38, 5, 8; 22, 52, 1 Drak.; 44, 35, 13; Hirt. B. Alex. 30; id. B. Afr. 38; 49; 51; 56; id. B. Hisp. 5; 6; 13; Curt. 6, 4, 16; Luc. 3, 387; 4, 266.—So of the side-works, moles, dikes, in the fortification of a harbor, Liv. 31, 26, 8; cf. Just. 5, 8, 5 Gron.; Plin. Ep. 6, 31, 15; Suet. Claud. 20.—

The arm of a catapult or ballista, Vitr. 1, 1; 10, 15 sq.

bracchĭum (less correctly brāchĭ-um; gen. bracchi, Lucr. 6, 434), ii, n. [perh. kindr. with Gr. brachiôn; but cf. Sanscr. bāhu; like frango, Sanscr. bhang, Bopp, Gloss. p. 239 a], the arm; particularly,

Lit., the forearm, from the hand to the elbow (while lacertus is the upper arm, from the elbow to the shoulder), Lucr. 4, 830; 6, 397:

bracchia et lacerti,

Ov. M. 1, 501; 1, 550 sq.:

subjecta lacertis bracchia,

id. ib. 14, 305; Curt. 8, 9, 21; 9, 1, 29:

(feminae) nudae bracchia et lacertos,

Tac. G. 17 (opp. umerus); Cels. 8, 1, § 79 sqq.; 8, 10, § 55 sqq.—Far oftener,

Transf.

In gen., the arm, the whole arm, from the shoulder to the fingers, Pac. ap. Non. p. 87, 26, and Varr. L. L. 5, 7, p. 4 Müll.; id. ap. Gell. 16, 16, 4:

quod eum bracchium fregisse diceret,

Cic. de Or. 2, 62, 253; cf. Cels. 1, 10, 3:

multi ut diu jactato bracchio praeoptarent scutum manu emittere et nudo corpore pugnare,

Caes. B. G. 1, 25:

bracchium (sc. dextrum) cohibere togā,

Cic. Cael. 5, 11 (cf. Sen. Contr. 5, 6:

bracchium extra togam exserere): eodem ictu bracchia ferro exsolvunt (i.e. venas incidunt, as, soon after, crurum et poplitum venas abrumpit),

Tac. A. 15, 63; 1, 41.—Of embraces:

collo dare bracchia circum,

to throw the arms round the neck, Verg. A. 6, 700; cf.:

circumdare collo,

Ov. M. 9, 459:

implicare collo,

id. ib. 1, 762:

inicere collo,

id. ib. 3, 389:

cervici dare,

Hor. C. 3, 9, 2:

lentis adhaerens bracchiis,

id. Epod. 15, 6: Hephaestionis bracchium hastā ictum est, Curt. 4, 16, 31:

ut in jaculando bracchia reducimus,

Quint. 10, 3, 6:

sinisteriore bracchio,

Suet. Dom. 17:

bracchia ad superas extulit auras,

Verg. A. 5, 427:

alternaque jactat Bracchia protendens (Dares),

id. ib. 5, 377:

juventus horrida bracchiis,

Hor. C. 3, 4, 50.—Of a rower:

si bracchia forte remisit,

Verg. G. 1, 202:

matri bracchia tendere,

Ov. M. 3, 723:

patrio tendens bracchia caelo,

id. ib. 9, 210:

tendens ad caelum bracchia,

id. ib. 9, 293:

precando Bracchia sustulerat,

id. ib. 6, 262.—Prov.:

dirigere bracchia contra Torrentem,

to swim against the current, Juv. 4, 89.—

Of the movement of the arms in speaking:

bracchii projectione in contentionibus, contractione in remissis,

Cic. Or. 18, 59; so Quint. 11, 3, 84:

extento bracchio paululum de gestu addidit,

Cic. de Or. 2, 59, 242:

demissa bracchia,

Quint. 2, 13, 9:

a latere modice remota,

id. 11, 3, 159:

ut bracchio exserto introspiciatur latus,

id. 11, 3, 118:

aliqui transversum bracchium proferunt et cubito pronunciant,

id. 11, 3, 93:

bracchium in latus jactant,

id. 4, 2, 39:

si contendemus per continuationem, bracchio celeri, mobili vultu utemur,

Auct. Her. 3, 15, 27.—

Of the motion of the arms in dancing:

bracchia in numerum jactare,

Lucr. 4, 769;

imitated by Ov.: numerosa bracchia jactat (ducit, Jahn),

Ov. Am. 2,4,29, and id. R. Am. 754; Lucr. 4, 790; imitated in Ov. A. A. 1, 595; Prop. 2 (3), 22, 6; imitated in Stat. S. 3, 5, 66; cf.

of the labors of the Cyclopes: illi inter sese magnā vi bracchia tollunt In numerum,

Verg. G. 4, 174.—

Trop.: levi or molli bracchio agere aliquid, to do any thing superficially, negligently, remissly (prob. peculiar to the lang. of conversation), Cic. Att. 4, 16, 6; so,

molli bracchio aliquem objurgare,

id. ib. 2, 1, 6.—Prov.:

praebuerim sceleri bracchia nostra tuo,

lend a hand, Ov. H. 7, 126.—

The limbs of animals analogous to the arms of men; of the claws of crawfish, etc., Ov. M. 4, 625; 10, 127; 15, 369; Plin. 9, 31, 51, § 97: hence also of the sign Cancer, Ov. M. 2, 83; also of Scorpio, Verg. G. 1, 34; Ov. M. 2, 82; 2, 195.—Of the claws of the nautilus, Plin. 9, 29, 47, § 88, and other sea-fish, id. 11, 48, 108, § 258.—Of the lion:

in feminum et bracchiorum ossibus,

Plin. 11, 37, 86, § 214.—

Comicé for armus or femur (as inversely armus = bracchium): Ar. Edepol vel elephanto in Indiā Quo pacto pugno perfregisti bracchium. Py. Quid? bracchium? Ar. Illud dicere volui femur, the shoulder, the shoulder-blade of the elephant, Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 26 sq. Brix ad loc.—

The branches of trees (cf. Ov. M. 1, 550: in ramos bracchia crescunt;

v. also manus and coma): vitem sub bracchia ungito,

Cato, R. R. 95 fin.;

of the vine,

Verg. G. 2, 368; Col. 4, 24, 2; 7, 8 sq.; 5, 5, 9 sq.; Pall. Febr. 9, 6;

id. Mai, 2, 1: quatiens bracchia Quercus,

Cat. 64, 105:

differt quod in bracchia ramorum spargitur,

Plin. 13, 9, 18, § 62:

(aesculus) Tum fortes late ramos et bracchia tendens, etc.,

Verg. G. 2, 296; Ov. M. 14, 630; Val. Fl. 8, 114.—

An arm of the sea:

nec bracchia longo Margine terrarum porrexerat Amphitrite,

Ov. M. 1, 13; Curt. 6, 4, 16.—

The collateral branches or ridges of a mountain:

Taurus ubi bracchia emittit,

Plin. 5, 27, 27, § 98.—

Poet., = antenna, the sail-yards:

jubet intendi bracchia velis,

Verg. A. 5, 829; cf. Stat. S. 5, 1, 244.—

In milit. lang., a ( natural or artificial) outwork or line for connecting two points in fortifications, etc.; Gr. skelê:

aliā parte consul muro Ardeae bracchium injunxerat,

a line of communication, Liv. 4, 9, 14; 38, 5, 8; 22, 52, 1 Drak.; 44, 35, 13; Hirt. B. Alex. 30; id. B. Afr. 38; 49; 51; 56; id. B. Hisp. 5; 6; 13; Curt. 6, 4, 16; Luc. 3, 387; 4, 266.—So of the side-works, moles, dikes, in the fortification of a harbor, Liv. 31, 26, 8; cf. Just. 5, 8, 5 Gron.; Plin. Ep. 6, 31, 15; Suet. Claud. 20.—

The arm of a catapult or ballista, Vitr. 1, 1; 10, 15 sq.

sīc (old form sīce, Plaut. Rud. 2, 4, 12; also seic, C. I. L. 818), adv. [for si - ce; si, locat. form of pron. stem sa- = Gr. ho, ha, or hê, and demonstr. -ce; v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 777], so, thus, in this or that manner, in such a manner, in the same way or manner, in like manner, likewise, to this or that extent or degree, to such a degree, in this or that state or condition, in such a condition (syn. ita); sic refers, I. To a previous fact, description, or assumption.—II. To a subsequent independent sentence, = thus, as follows. —III. As a local demonstrative (deiktikôs), referring to something done or pointed out by the speaker, = thus, as I do it; thus, as you see, etc.—IV. As a correlative, preceding or following clauses introduced by conjunctions. —V. In certain idiomatic connections.

Referring to something said before, = hoc modo: sic ille annus duo firmamenta rei publicae evertit, so, i. e. in the manner mentioned, Cic. Att. 1, 18, 3:

sic et nata et progressa eloquentia videtur,

id. Inv. 1, 2, 3:

facinus indignum Sic circumiri,

Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 9:

sic deinceps omne opus contexitur,

Caes. B. G. 7, 23:

arare mavelim quam sic amare,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 21:

sic se res habet,

Cic. Brut. 18, 71:

sic regii constiterant,

Liv. 42, 58:

sic res Romana in antiquum statum rediit,

id. 3, 9, 1:

sic ad Alpes perventum est,

Tac. H. 1, 84; cf. Enn. Ann. 1, 104; Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 88; Ter. Ad. 5, 2, 11; Cic. Inv. 1, 46, 86; 2, 32, 100; id. de Or. 1, 32, 146; 2, 49, 201; 3, 29, 117; id. Brut. 40, 149; id. Rep. 2, 14, 27; 2, 20, 35; id. Lael. 9, 32; Liv. 4, 11, 5; 6, 17, 1; Caes. B. G. 3, 19; 6, 30; 7, 62.—Often sic does not qualify the main predicate, but a participle or adjective referring to it:

sic igitur instructus veniat ad causas,

Cic. Or. 34, 121:

cum sic affectos dimisisset,

Liv. 21, 43, 1:

sic omnibus copiis fusis se in castra recipiunt,

Caes. B. G. 3, 6:

sic milites consolatus eodem die reducit in castra,

id. ib. 7, 19; cf. id. ib. 7, 62; Ov. M. 1, 32.—

In a parenthet. clause (= ita):

quae, ut sic dicam, ad corpus pertinent civitatis,

so to speak, Cic. Inv. 2, 56, 168:

commentabar declamitans—sic enim nunc loquuntur,

id. Brut. 90, 310; cf. id. Att. 12, 39, 2; id. Lael. 11, 39; Liv. 7, 31; Ov. M. 4, 660; 13, 597; 13, 866.—

Referring not to the predicate, but to some intermediate term understood (= ita; cf.

Engl. so): sic provolant duo Fabii (= sic loquentes),

Liv. 2, 46, 7:

sic enim nostrae rationes postulabant (sic = ut sic agerem),

Cic. Att. 4, 2, 6:

tibi enim ipsi sic video placere (sic = sic faciendo),

id. ib. 4, 6, 2:

sic enim concedis mihi proximis litteris (= ut sic agam),

id. ib. 5, 20, 1:

sic enim statuerat (= hoc faciendum esse),

id. Phil. 5, 7, 208:

Quid igitur? Non sic oportet? Equidem censeo sic (sic = hoc fieri),

id. Fam. 16, 18, 1:

sic soleo (i. e. bona consilia reddere),

Ter. Ad. 5, 7, 25:

sic soleo amicos (i. e. beare),

id. Eun. 2, 2, 48:

sic memini tamen (= hoc ita esse),

Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 48:

haec sic audivi (= ita esse),

id. Ep. 3, 1, 79:

sic prorsus existimo (= hoc ita esse),

Cic. Brut. 33, 125:

quoniam sic cogitis ipsi (= hoc facere),

Ov. M. 5, 178.—

As completing object, = hoc:

iis litteris respondebo: sic enim postulas (= hoc postulas),

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 1:

hic adsiste. Sic volo (= hoc volo, or hoc te facere volo),

Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 15:

sic fata jubent (= hoc jubent, or hoc facere jubent),

Ov. M. 15, 584:

hic apud nos hodie cenes. Sic face,

Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 8:

sic faciendum est,

Cic. Att. 4, 6, 2.—

Predicatively with esse (appellari, videri, etc.), in the sense of talis:

sic vita hominum est (= talis),

Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 84:

vir acerrimo ingenio—sic enim fuit,

id. Or. 5, 18:

familiaris noster—sic est enim,

id. Att. 1, 18, 6:

sic est vulgus,

id. Rosc. Com. 10, 20:

sic, Crito, est hic,

Ter. And. 5, 4, 16: sic sum;

si placeo, utere,

id. Phorm. 3, 2, 42:

sic sententiest,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 90:

sic est (= sic res se habet),

that is so, Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 21:

qui sic sunt (i. e. vivunt) haud multum heredem juvant,

id. Hec. 3, 5, 10:

nunc hoc profecto sic est,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 1, 42:

sic est. Non muto sententiam,

Sen. Ep. 10; cf. Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 35; id. Am. 2, 1, 60; id. Aul. 2, 4, 43; id. As. 5, 2, 12; id. Most. 4, 3, 40; Ter. And. 1, 1, 35; id. Eun. 3, 1, 18; id. Ad. 3, 3, 44; Cic. Lael. 1, 5; id. de Or. 1, 19, 86; id. Or. 14, 46.—

Rarely as subject (mostly representing a subject-clause):

sic commodius esse arbitror quam manere hanc (sic = abire),

Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 31:

si sic (= hoc) est factum, erus damno auctus est,

id. Heaut. 4, 1, 15: Pe. Quid? Concidit? Mi. Sic suspicio est (= eam concidisse), Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 57:

mihi sic est usus (= sic agere),

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 28:

sic opus est (= hoc facere),

Ov. M. 1, 279; 2, 785.—

To express relations other than manner (rare).

Of consequence; un der these circumstances, accordingly, hence:

sic Numitori ad supplicium Remus deditur,

Liv. 1, 5, 4:

sic et habet quod uterque eorum habuit, et explevit quod utrique defuit,

Cic. Brut. 42, 154:

sic victam legem esse, nisi caveant,

Liv. 4, 11, 5:

suavis mihi ructus est. Sic sine modo,

Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 17. —

Of condition; on this condition, if this be done, etc.:

reliquas illius anni pestes recordamini, sic enim facillime perspicietis, etc.,

Cic. Sest. 25, 55: displiceas aliis;

sic ego tutus ero (sic = si displicebis),

Tib. 4, 13, 6:

Scironis media sic licet ire via (sic = si amantes eunt),

Prop. 4, 15 (3, 16), 12:

sic demum lucos Stygios Aspicies (= non aspicies, nisi hoc facies),

Verg. A. 6, 154 (for sic as antecedent of si, v. infra, IV. 5).—

Of intensity:

non latuit scintilla ingenii: sic erat in omni sermone sollers (= tam sollers erat ut non lateret ingenium),

Cic. Rep. 2, 21, 37; cf. infra, IV. 4.

Referring to a subsequent sentence, thus, as follows, in the following manner (= hoc modo, hoc pacto, hujusmodi, ad hunc modum):

ingressus est sic loqui Scipio: Catonis hoc senis est, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 2, 1, 1 (cf.:

tum Varro ita exorsus est,

id. Ac. 1, 4, 15): hunc inter pugnas Servilius sic compellat, etc., Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 4 (Ann. v. 256 Vahl.):

puero sic dicit pater: Noster esto,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 38:

sic faciam: adsimulabo quasi quam culpam in sese admiserint,

id. Stich. 1, 2, 27 dub.:

salem candidum sic facito: amphoram puram impleto, etc.,

Cato, R. R. 88: sic enim dixisti:

Vidi ego tuam lacrimulam,

Cic. Planc. 31, 76:

res autem se sic habet: composite et apte sine sententiis dicere insania est,

the truth is this, id. Or. 71, 236:

sic loquere, sic vive: vide, ne te ulla res deprimat,

Sen. Ep. 10, 4; cf. id. ib. 10, 1; Cato, R. R. 77 sqq.; Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 177; Ter. Phorm. prol. 13; Auct. Her. 4, 6, 9; 4, 21, 29; 4, 4, 30; Cic. [p. 1691] Inv. 1, 39, 71; id. Or. 1, 45, 198; 2, 40, 167; 2, 40, 172; id. Att. 2, 22, 1; 5, 1, 3; 6, 1, 3; Verg. A. 1, 521.—

Esp., with ellipsis of predicate:

ego sic: diem statuo, etc. (sc. ago),

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 16.—Sometimes sic introduces detached words: sic loqui nosse, judicasse vetant, novisse jubent et judicavisse (= they forbid to say nosse, etc.), Cic. Or. 47, 157.—

For instance (= hoc modo, hoc pacto, ut hoc, verbi gratia, ut si; cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 49, 91 sq. infra):

disjunctum est, cum unumquodque certo concluditur verbo,

Auct. Her. 4, 27, 37:

mala definitio est... cum aliquid non grave dicit, sic: Stultitia est immensa gloriae cupiditas,

Cic. Inv. 1, 49, 91.

As a local demonstrative, thus, so, etc. (deiktikôs; colloq.;

mostly comice): ne hunc ornatum vos meum admiremini, quod ego processi sic cum servili schema,

as you see me now, Plaut. Am. prol. 117:

sed amictus sic hac ludibundus incessi,

id. Ps. 5, 1, 31:

nec sic per totam infamis traducerer urbem,

Prop. 2, 24 (3, 18), 7:

sic ad me, miserande, redis?

Ov. M. 11, 728; cf. Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 4.—So accompanied with a corresponding gesture:

Quid tu igitur sic hoc digitulis duobus sumebas primoribus?

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 25: Pe. Quid si curram? Tr. Censeo. Pe. An sic potius placide? (the speaker imitating the motion), id. Rud. 4, 8, 10:

non licet te sic placidule bellam belle tangere?

id. ib. 2, 4, 12:

quod non omnia sic poterant conjuncta manere,

Lucr. 5, 441.—

Here belong the phrases sic dedero, sic dabo, sic datur, expressing a threat of revenge, or satisfaction at another's misfortune: sic dedero! aere militari tetigero lenunculum,

I will give it to him, Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 6; id. As. 2, 4, 33:

sic dabo!

Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 38:

doletne? hem, sic datur si quis erum servos spernit,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 21:

sic furi datur,

id. Stich. 5, 5, 25; so id. Men. 4, 2, 46.—Referring to an act just performed by the speaker:

sic deinde quicunque alius transiliet moenia mea (= sic pereat, quicunque deinde, etc.),

Liv. 1, 7, 2:

sic eat quaecunque Romana lugebit hostem,

so will every one fare who, id. 1, 26, 5:

sic... Cetera sit fortis castrorum turba tuorum (= sic ut interfeci te),

Ov. M. 12, 285.—So with a comp.-clause expressed:

sic stratas legiones Latinorum dabo, quemadmodum legatum jacentem videtis,

Liv. 8, 6, 6; cf. id. 1, 24, 8 (v. IV. 1. infra).

As correlative, with, 1. A comparative clause (sic far more frequent than ita); 2. A contrasted clause, mostly with ut; 3. A modal clause, with ut (ita more freq. than sic); 4. A clause expressing intensity, introduced by ut; 5. A conditional clause (rare; ita more freq.); 6. With a reason, introduced by quia (ante-class. and very rare); 7. With an inf. clause; 8. With ut, expressing purpose or result.

With comp. clauses, usu. introduced by ut, but also by quemadmodum (very freq.), sicut, velut, tamquam, quasi, quomodo, quam (rare and poet.), ceu (rare; poet. and post-class.), quantus (rare and poet.), qualis (ante-class. and rare).

With ut:

ut cibi satietas subamara aliqua re relevatur, sic animus defessus audiendi admiratione redintegratur,

Cic. Inv. 1, 17, 25:

ut non omnem frugem, neque arborem in omni agro reperire possis, sic non omne facinus in omni vita nascitur,

id. Rosc. Am. 27, 75:

ex suo regno sic Mithridates profugit ut ex eodem Ponto Medea quondam profugisse dicitur,

id. Imp. Pomp. 9, 22:

ut tu nunc de Coriolano, sic Clitarchus de Themistocle finxit,

id. Brut. 11, 42:

sic moneo ut filium, sic faveo ut mihi, sic hortor ut et pro patria et amicissimum,

id. Fam. 10, 5, 3:

ut vita, sic oratione durus fuit,

id. Brut. 31, 117:

de Lentulo sic fero ut debeo,

id. Att. 4, 6, 1:

sic est ut narro tibi,

Plaut. Most. 4, 3, 40; Cic. Inv. 2, 8, 28; id. Div. 2, 30, 93; id. de Or. 1, 33, 153; 3, 51, 198; Liv. 1, 47, 2; 2, 52, 7; Ov. M. 1, 495; 1, 539; 2, 165 et saep.—So in the formula ut quisque... sic (more freq. ita), rendered by according as, or the more... the...:

ut quisque rem accurat suam, sic ei procedunt postprincipia denique,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 1, 3:

ut quaeque res est tur pissima, sic maxime et maturissime vindicanda est,

Cic. Caecin. 2, 7; v. Fischer, Gr. II. p. 751.—

With quemadmodum: quemadmodum tibicen sine tibiis canere, sic orator, nisi multitudine audiente, eloquens esse non potest, Cic. Or. 2, 83, 338:

quemadmodum se tribuni gessissent in prohibendo dilectu, sic patres in lege prohibenda gerebant,

Liv. 3, 11, 3:

sic vestras hallucinationes fero, quemadmodum Juppiter ineptias poetarum,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 26, 6; cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 23, 33; 2, 8, 28; 2, 27, 82; id. Or. 3, 52, 200; id. Lael. 4, 16; id. Rosc. Com. 1, 2; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5; Liv. 2, 13, 8; 5, 3, 8; Sen. Ep. 5, 6 (bis); id. Clem. 1, 3, 5; id. Vit. Beat. 23, 4.—

With sicut:

tecum simul, sicut ego pro multis, sic ille pro Appio dixit,

Cic. Brut. 64, 230; 46, 112; id. Or. 2, 44, 186; id. Clu. 2; Caes. B. G. 6, 30; Liv. 4, 57, 11; 7, 13, 8; Sen. Vit. Beat. 9, 2.—

With velut:

velut ipse in re trepida se sit tutatus, sic consulem loca tutiora castris cepisse,

Liv. 4, 41, 6; cf. Cic. Tusc. 1, 10, 20; Verg. A. 1, 148; Ov. M. 4, 375; 4, 705.—

With tamquam:

tamquam litteris in cera, sic se ajebat imaginibus quae meminisse vellet, perscribere,

Cic. Or. 2, 88, 360:

quid autem ego sic adhuc egi, tamquam integra sit causa patriciorum?

Liv. 10, 8:

sic Ephesi fui, tamquam domi meae,

Cic. Fam. 13, 69, 1; cf. id. Or. 2, 42, 180; id. Brut. 18, 71; 58, 213; 66, 235; 74, 258; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 16; 2, 14, 1; id. Prov. Cons. 12, 31; Sen. Ep. 101, 7.—

With quasi:

hujus innocentiae sic in hac calamitosa fama, quasi in aliqua perniciosissima flamma subvenire,

Cic. Clu. 1, 4:

ea sic observabo quasi intercalatum non sit,

id. Att. 6, 1, 12:

Quid tu me sic salutas quasi dudum non videris?

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 51; cf. Cic. Or. 2, 11, 47; id. Inv. 1, 3, 4; id. Sen. 8, 26:

ego sic vivam quasi sciam, etc.,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 3.—

With quomodo:

quomodo nomen in militiam non daret debilis, sic ad iter quod inhabile sciat, non accedet,

Sen. Ot. Sap. 3 (30), 4:

sic demus quomodo vellemus accipere,

id. Ben. 2, 1, 1; id. Ep. 9, 17; id. Ot. Sap. 6, 2 (32 med.); Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 4.—

With ceu:

ceu cetera nusquam Bella forent... sic Martem indomitum Cernimus,

Verg. A. 2, 438.—

With quam:

non sic incerto mutantur flamine Syrtes, quam cito feminea non constat foedus in ira,

Prop. 2, 9, 33; Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 281.—

With quantus:

nec sic errore laetatus Ulixes... nec sic Electra... quanta ego collegi gaudia,

Prop. 2, 14 (3, 6), 5 sqq.—

With qualis:

imo sic condignum donum quali'st quoi dono datum est,

Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 40.—

Without a correlative particle, in an independent sentence:

Quis potione uti aut cibo dulci diutius potest? sic omnibus in rebus voluptatibus maximis fastidium finitimum est (= ut nemo cibo dulci uti diutius potest, sic, etc.),

Cic. Or. 3, 25, 100; cf. id. ib. 19, 63.—

In contrasted clauses, mostly with ut, which may generally be rendered while: ut ad bella suscipienda Gallorum acer ac promptus est animus, sic mollis ad calamitates perferendas mens eorum est (almost = etsi ad bella suscipienda... tamen mollis est, etc., while, etc.), Caes. B. G. 3, 19: a ceteris oblectationibus ut deseror, sic litteris sustentor et recreor, while I am deserted, I am sustained, etc., Cic. Att. 4, 10, 1; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 18, 55; id. Fam. 10, 20, 2; Liv. 4, 57, 11; Ov. M. 4, 131; 11, 76.—So freq. two members of the same sentence are coordinated by ut... sic (ita) with almost the same force as a co-ordination by cum... tum, or by sed:

consul, ut fortasse vere, sic parum utiliter in praesens certamen respondit (= vere fortasse, sed parum utiliter),

Liv. 4, 6, 2:

ut nondum satis claram victoriam, sic prosperae spei pugnam imber diremit,

id. 6, 32, 6:

(forma erat) ut non cygnorum, sic albis proxima cygnis,

Ov. M. 14, 509; cf. Liv. 1, 27, 2; 5, 38, 2; 6, 6, 10; Ov. M. 1, 370.—In this use etiam or quoque is sometimes joined with sic (never by Cic. with ita):

nostri sensus, ut in pace semper, sic tum etiam in bello congruebant (= cum... tum),

Cic. Marcell. 6, 16:

ut sunt, sic etiam nominantur senes,

id. Sen. 6, 20:

utinam ut culpam, sic etiam suspitionem vitare potuisses,

id. Phil. 1, 13, 33:

ut superiorum aetatum studia occidunt, sic occidunt etiam senectutis,

id. Sen. 20, 76:

ut voce, sic etiam oratione,

id. Or. 25, 85; id. Top. 15, 59; id. Leg. 2, 25, 62; id. Lael. 5, 19.—More rarely with quem ad modum, quomodo:

ut, quem ad modum est, sic etiam appelletur tyrannus,

Cic. Att. 10, 4, 2:

quo modo ad bene vivendum, sic etiam ad beate,

id. Tusc. 3, 17, 37. —

With a clause of manner introduced by ut = so that:

sic fuimus semper comparati ut hominum sermonibus quasi in aliquod judicium vocaremur,

Cic. Or. 3, 9, 32:

eam sic audio ut Plautum mihi aut Naevium videar audire,

id. ib. 3, 12, 45:

sic agam vobiscum ut aliquid de vestris vitiis audiatis,

id. ib. 3, 12, 46:

omnia sic suppetunt ut ei nullam deesse virtutem oratoris putem,

id. Brut. 71, 250:

omnis pars orationis esse debet laudabilis, sic ut verbum nullum excidat,

id. Or. 36, 125:

sic tecum agam ut vel respondendi vel interpellandi potestatem faciam,

id. Rosc. Am. 27, 73:

nec vero sic erat umquam non paratus Milo contra illum ut non satis fere esset paratus,

id. Mil. 21, 56:

sic eum eo de re publica disputavit ut sentiret sibi cum viro forti esse pugnandum,

id. Fam. 5, 2, 8; cf. Plaut. As. 2, 4, 49; id. Mil. 2, 2, 82; Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 245; 2, 1, 3; 2, 6, 23; id. Brut. 22, 88; 40, 148; id. Sest. 40, 87; id. Planc. 10, 25; id. Fam. 5, 15, 4; Caes. B. G. 2, 32; 5, 17; id. B. C. 3, 56; Prop. 1, 21, 5.—Sometimes the correlative clause is restrictive, and sic = but so, yet so, only so:

mihi sic placuit ut cetera Antisthenis, hominis acuti magis quam eruditi,

Cic. Att. 12, 38, 4:

sic conveniet reprehendi, ut demonstretur etc.,

id. Inv. 1, 46, 86; id. Brut. 79, 274; id. Marcell. 11, 34; id. Att. 13, 3, 1 (ita is more freq. in this sense).—

With a clause expressing intensity (so both with adjj. and verbs; but far less freq. than ita, tam, adeo), to such a degree, so, so far, etc.:

sic ego illum in timorem dabo, ipse sese ut neget esse eum qui siet,

Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 20 sq.:

conficior lacrimis sic ut ferre non possim,

Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 1:

sic rem fuisse apertam ut judicium fieri nihil attinuerit,

id. Inv. 2, 28, 84:

cujus responso judices sic exarserunt ut capitis hominem innocentissimum condemnarent,

id. Or. 1, 54, 233; cf. id. ib. 3, 8, 29; id. Brut. 88, 302; id. Or. 53, 177; 55, 184; id. Rep. 2, 21, 37; 3, 9, 15; id. Lael. 1, 4; id. Planc. 8, 21; id. Verr. 1, 36, 91; id. Balb. 5, 13; id. Att. 1, 8, 2; 1, 16, 1; Caes. B. G. 6, 41; Hor. S. 2, 3, 1.—

Rarely conditional clauses have the antecedent sic.

Poet. and in post-Aug. prose, to represent the result of the condition as sure:

sic invidiam effugies, si te non ingesseris oculis, si bona tua non jactaveris, si scieris in sinu gaudere,

Sen. Ep. 105, 3:

sic hodie veniet si qua negavit heri,

Prop. 2, 14 (3, 6), 20.—

Denoting with the proviso that, but only if (usu. ita):

decreverunt ut cum populus regem jussisset, id sic ratum esset si patres auctores fuissent,

that the choice should be valid, but only if the Senate should ratify it, Liv. 1, 17, 9:

sic ignovisse putato Me tibi si cenes hodie mecum,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 69.—

Sic quia = idcirco quia (very rare): Th. Quid vos? Insanin' estis? Tr. Quidum? Th. Sic quia foris ambulatis, Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 20.—

With inf. clause (freq.):

sic igitur sentio, naturam primum atque ingenium ad dicendum vim afferre maximam,

Cic. Or. 1, 25, 113:

sic a majoribus nostris accepimus, praetorem quaestori suo parentis loco esse oportere,

id. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61:

ego sic existimo, in summo imperatore quattuor res inesse oportere,

id. Imp. Pomp. 10, 38; cf. Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 5; Cic. Inv. 2, 55, 167; id. de Or. 1, 20, 93; 2, 28, 122; id. Brut. 36, 138; 41, 152; id. Div. in Caecil. 3, 10; id. Verr. 1, 7, 20; Liv. 5, 15, 11.—Esp., after sic habeto (habe, habeas) = scito (only Ciceron.):

sic habeto, in eum statum tuum reditum incidere ut, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 2, 3, 1; so id. ib. 1, 7, 3; 2, 6, 5; 2, 10, 1; 7, 18, 1; 9, 16, 2; id. Att. 2, 25, 1; 5, 1, 5; 5, 20, 1 et saep.—

With ut, expressing purpose or result:

nunc sic faciam, sic consilium est, ad erum ut veniam docte atque astu,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 2, 23:

ab Ariobarzane sic contendi ut talenta, quae mihi pollicebatur, illi daret,

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 3:

sic accidit ut ex tanto navium numero nulla omnino navis... desideraretur,

Caes. B. G. 5, 23; cf. Cato, R. R. 1, 1; Cic. Att. 8, 1, 4; id. Or. 2, 67, 271.

Idiomatic usages of sic.

In a wish, expressed as a conclusion after an imperative ( poet.):

parce: sic bene sub tenera parva quiescat humo (= si parces, bene quiescat),

Tib. 2, 6, 30:

annue: sic tibi sint intonsi, Phoebe, capilli,

id. 2, 5, 121:

pone, precor, fastus... Sic tibi nec vernum nascentia frigus adurat Poma, nec excutiant rapidi florentia venti,

Ov. M. 14, 762: dic [p. 1692] mihi de nostra quae sentis vera puella:

Sic tibi sint dominae, Lygdame, dempta juga,

Prop. 4, 5, 1; Tib. 2, 6, 30.—The imperative may follow the clause with sic:

sic tua Cyrneas fugiant examina taxos... Incipe (sc. cantare) si quid habes (= si incipies cantare, opto tibi ut tua examina, etc.),

Verg. E. 9, 30:

sic tibi (Arethusa) Doris amara suam non intermisceat undam: Incipe (= si incipies, opto tibi ut Doris, etc.),

id. ib. 10, 4:

sic mare compositum, sic sit tibi piscis in unda Credulus... Dic ubi sit,

Ov. M. 8, 857; Sen. Troad. 702; cf.:

sic te Diva potens Cypri... Ventorumque regat pater, Navis... Reddas incolumem Vergilium (= si tu, navis, reddes Vergilium, prosperum precor tibi cursum),

Hor. C. 1, 3, 1; cf.

also: sic venias hodierne: tibi dem turis honores (=si venies, tibi dem),

Tib. 1, 7, 53; cf. Ov. H. 3, 135; 4, 148.—

Sic (like ita) with ut in strong asseveration ( poet.):

sic me di amabunt, ut me tuarum miseritum'st fortunarum (= by the love of the gods, I pity, etc.),

Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 54:

Diespiter me sic amabit ut ego hanc familiam interire cupio,

Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 47:

sic has deus aequoris artes Adjuvet, ut nemo jamdudum littore in isto constitit,

Ov. M. 8, 866:

sic mihi te referas levis, ut non altera nostro limine intulit ulla pedes,

Prop. 1, 18, 11; cf. id. 3, 15 (4, 14), 1; cf.:

vera cano, sic usque sacras innoxia laurus vescar,

Tib. 2, 5, 63.—

In a demonstrative temporal force, like the Gr. houtôs, so, as the matter stands now, as it now is, as it then was, etc.

In gen.:

e Graecis cavendae sunt quaedam familiaritates, praeter hominum perpaucorum, si qui sunt vetere Graecia digni. Sic vero fallaces sunt permulti et leves,

but as things now stand, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5, § 16:

at sic citius qui te expedias his aerumnis reperias,

Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 8: Pe. Pol tibi istuc credo nomen actutum fore. Tr. Dum interea sic sit, istuc actutum sino, provided it be as it is, Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 71:

quotiens hoc tibi ego interdixi, meam ne sic volgo pollicitarere operam,

thus, as you are doing now, id. Mil. 4, 2, 65:

si utrumvis tibi visus essem, Non sic ludibrio tuis factis habitus essem,

Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 11:

non sic nudos in flumen deicere (voluerunt),

naked, as they are, Cic. Rosc. Am. 26, 71:

sub alta platano... jacentes sic temere,

Hor. C. 2, 11, 14.—Esp., with sine and abl.:

me germanam meam sororem tibi sic sine dote dedisse,

so as she is, without a dowry, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 65:

sic sine malo,

id. Rud. 3, 5, 2:

at operam perire meam sic... perpeti nequeo,

without result, id. Trin. 3, 2, 34 Ritschl, Fleck. (Brix omits sic): nec sic de nihilo fulminis ira cadit (= without cause), Prop. 2, 16 (3, 8), 52: mirabar hoc si sic abiret, so, i. e. without trouble, Ter. And. 1, 2, 4:

hoc non poterit sic abire,

Cic. Fin. 5, 3, 7; so,

sic abire,

id. Att. 14, 1, 1; Cat. 14, 16; Plaut. Men. 5, 7, 39. —Hence,

With imperatives, esp. with sine: Quid ego hoc faciam postea? sic sine eumpse, just let him alone, i. e. leave him as he is, Plaut. Most. 1, 4, 32:

si non vult (numerare), sic sine adstet,

id. As. 2, 4, 54:

sine fores sic, abi,

let the door alone, id. Men. 2, 3, 1; so id. Cas. 3, 6, 36; id. Ps. 1, 5, 62.—

Pregn., implying a concession (= kai houtôs), even as it is now, even without doing so, in spite of it:

nolo bis iterare, sat sic longae fiunt fabulae,

narratives are long enough anyhow, as they are, without saying them twice over, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 154:

sed sic quoque erat tamen Acis,

even as it was, in spite of what has been said, Ov. M. 13, 896; so,

sic quoque fallebat,

id. ib. 1, 698:

sed sic me et libertatis fructu privas et diligentiae,

anyhow, not taking into account what is mentioned, Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 4: exhibeas molestiam si quid debeam, qui nunc sic tam es molestus, who art so troublesome even as it is, i. e. without my owing you any thing, Plaut. Pers. 2, 44:

sic quoque parte plebis affecta, fides tamen publica potior senatui fuit,

Liv. 7, 27; cf. Ov. F. 2, 642; Suet. Aug. 78.—

Ellipt., referring to something in the mind of the speaker:

Quod si hoc nunc sic incipiam? Nihil est. Quod si sic? Tantumdem egero. At sic opinor? Non potest,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 8: illa quae aliis sic, aliis secus videntur, to some in one way, to others in another (= aliis aliter), Cic. Leg. 1, 17, 47: Quid vini absumpsit! Sic hoc dicens, asperum hoc est, aliud lenius, = this wine is so (the speaker not saying what he thinks of it), Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 49: deinde quod illa (quae ego dixi) sive faceta sunt, sive sic, fiunt narrante te venustissima, or so, i. e. or otherwise, Cic. Fam. 15, 21, 2:

monitorem non desiderabit qui dicat, Sic incede, sic cena... sic amico utere, sic cive, sic socio,

Sen. Ep. 114.—

In answers, yes = the French, Italian, and Spanish si (ante - class. and rare): Ph. Phaniam relictam ais? Ge. Sic, Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 2: De. Illa maneat? Ch. Sic, id. ib. 5, 3, 30: Ch. Sicine est sententia? Me. Sic, id. Heaut. 1, 1, 114.

sīc (old form sīce, Plaut. Rud. 2, 4, 12; also seic, C. I. L. 818), adv. [for si - ce; si, locat. form of pron. stem sa- = Gr. ho, ha, or hê, and demonstr. -ce; v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 777], so, thus, in this or that manner, in such a manner, in the same way or manner, in like manner, likewise, to this or that extent or degree, to such a degree, in this or that state or condition, in such a condition (syn. ita); sic refers, I. To a previous fact, description, or assumption.—II. To a subsequent independent sentence, = thus, as follows. —III. As a local demonstrative (deiktikôs), referring to something done or pointed out by the speaker, = thus, as I do it; thus, as you see, etc.—IV. As a correlative, preceding or following clauses introduced by conjunctions. —V. In certain idiomatic connections.

Referring to something said before, = hoc modo: sic ille annus duo firmamenta rei publicae evertit, so, i. e. in the manner mentioned, Cic. Att. 1, 18, 3:

sic et nata et progressa eloquentia videtur,

id. Inv. 1, 2, 3:

facinus indignum Sic circumiri,

Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 9:

sic deinceps omne opus contexitur,

Caes. B. G. 7, 23:

arare mavelim quam sic amare,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 21:

sic se res habet,

Cic. Brut. 18, 71:

sic regii constiterant,

Liv. 42, 58:

sic res Romana in antiquum statum rediit,

id. 3, 9, 1:

sic ad Alpes perventum est,

Tac. H. 1, 84; cf. Enn. Ann. 1, 104; Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 88; Ter. Ad. 5, 2, 11; Cic. Inv. 1, 46, 86; 2, 32, 100; id. de Or. 1, 32, 146; 2, 49, 201; 3, 29, 117; id. Brut. 40, 149; id. Rep. 2, 14, 27; 2, 20, 35; id. Lael. 9, 32; Liv. 4, 11, 5; 6, 17, 1; Caes. B. G. 3, 19; 6, 30; 7, 62.—Often sic does not qualify the main predicate, but a participle or adjective referring to it:

sic igitur instructus veniat ad causas,

Cic. Or. 34, 121:

cum sic affectos dimisisset,

Liv. 21, 43, 1:

sic omnibus copiis fusis se in castra recipiunt,

Caes. B. G. 3, 6:

sic milites consolatus eodem die reducit in castra,

id. ib. 7, 19; cf. id. ib. 7, 62; Ov. M. 1, 32.—

In a parenthet. clause (= ita):

quae, ut sic dicam, ad corpus pertinent civitatis,

so to speak, Cic. Inv. 2, 56, 168:

commentabar declamitans—sic enim nunc loquuntur,

id. Brut. 90, 310; cf. id. Att. 12, 39, 2; id. Lael. 11, 39; Liv. 7, 31; Ov. M. 4, 660; 13, 597; 13, 866.—

Referring not to the predicate, but to some intermediate term understood (= ita; cf.

Engl. so): sic provolant duo Fabii (= sic loquentes),

Liv. 2, 46, 7:

sic enim nostrae rationes postulabant (sic = ut sic agerem),

Cic. Att. 4, 2, 6:

tibi enim ipsi sic video placere (sic = sic faciendo),

id. ib. 4, 6, 2:

sic enim concedis mihi proximis litteris (= ut sic agam),

id. ib. 5, 20, 1:

sic enim statuerat (= hoc faciendum esse),

id. Phil. 5, 7, 208:

Quid igitur? Non sic oportet? Equidem censeo sic (sic = hoc fieri),

id. Fam. 16, 18, 1:

sic soleo (i. e. bona consilia reddere),

Ter. Ad. 5, 7, 25:

sic soleo amicos (i. e. beare),

id. Eun. 2, 2, 48:

sic memini tamen (= hoc ita esse),

Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 48:

haec sic audivi (= ita esse),

id. Ep. 3, 1, 79:

sic prorsus existimo (= hoc ita esse),

Cic. Brut. 33, 125:

quoniam sic cogitis ipsi (= hoc facere),

Ov. M. 5, 178.—

As completing object, = hoc:

iis litteris respondebo: sic enim postulas (= hoc postulas),

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 1:

hic adsiste. Sic volo (= hoc volo, or hoc te facere volo),

Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 15:

sic fata jubent (= hoc jubent, or hoc facere jubent),

Ov. M. 15, 584:

hic apud nos hodie cenes. Sic face,

Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 8:

sic faciendum est,

Cic. Att. 4, 6, 2.—

Predicatively with esse (appellari, videri, etc.), in the sense of talis:

sic vita hominum est (= talis),

Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 84:

vir acerrimo ingenio—sic enim fuit,

id. Or. 5, 18:

familiaris noster—sic est enim,

id. Att. 1, 18, 6:

sic est vulgus,

id. Rosc. Com. 10, 20:

sic, Crito, est hic,

Ter. And. 5, 4, 16: sic sum;

si placeo, utere,

id. Phorm. 3, 2, 42:

sic sententiest,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 90:

sic est (= sic res se habet),

that is so, Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 21:

qui sic sunt (i. e. vivunt) haud multum heredem juvant,

id. Hec. 3, 5, 10:

nunc hoc profecto sic est,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 1, 42:

sic est. Non muto sententiam,

Sen. Ep. 10; cf. Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 35; id. Am. 2, 1, 60; id. Aul. 2, 4, 43; id. As. 5, 2, 12; id. Most. 4, 3, 40; Ter. And. 1, 1, 35; id. Eun. 3, 1, 18; id. Ad. 3, 3, 44; Cic. Lael. 1, 5; id. de Or. 1, 19, 86; id. Or. 14, 46.—

Rarely as subject (mostly representing a subject-clause):

sic commodius esse arbitror quam manere hanc (sic = abire),

Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 31:

si sic (= hoc) est factum, erus damno auctus est,

id. Heaut. 4, 1, 15: Pe. Quid? Concidit? Mi. Sic suspicio est (= eam concidisse), Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 57:

mihi sic est usus (= sic agere),

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 28:

sic opus est (= hoc facere),

Ov. M. 1, 279; 2, 785.—

To express relations other than manner (rare).

Of consequence; un der these circumstances, accordingly, hence:

sic Numitori ad supplicium Remus deditur,

Liv. 1, 5, 4:

sic et habet quod uterque eorum habuit, et explevit quod utrique defuit,

Cic. Brut. 42, 154:

sic victam legem esse, nisi caveant,

Liv. 4, 11, 5:

suavis mihi ructus est. Sic sine modo,

Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 17. —

Of condition; on this condition, if this be done, etc.:

reliquas illius anni pestes recordamini, sic enim facillime perspicietis, etc.,

Cic. Sest. 25, 55: displiceas aliis;

sic ego tutus ero (sic = si displicebis),

Tib. 4, 13, 6:

Scironis media sic licet ire via (sic = si amantes eunt),

Prop. 4, 15 (3, 16), 12:

sic demum lucos Stygios Aspicies (= non aspicies, nisi hoc facies),

Verg. A. 6, 154 (for sic as antecedent of si, v. infra, IV. 5).—

Of intensity:

non latuit scintilla ingenii: sic erat in omni sermone sollers (= tam sollers erat ut non lateret ingenium),

Cic. Rep. 2, 21, 37; cf. infra, IV. 4.

Referring to a subsequent sentence, thus, as follows, in the following manner (= hoc modo, hoc pacto, hujusmodi, ad hunc modum):

ingressus est sic loqui Scipio: Catonis hoc senis est, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 2, 1, 1 (cf.:

tum Varro ita exorsus est,

id. Ac. 1, 4, 15): hunc inter pugnas Servilius sic compellat, etc., Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 4 (Ann. v. 256 Vahl.):

puero sic dicit pater: Noster esto,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 38:

sic faciam: adsimulabo quasi quam culpam in sese admiserint,

id. Stich. 1, 2, 27 dub.:

salem candidum sic facito: amphoram puram impleto, etc.,

Cato, R. R. 88: sic enim dixisti:

Vidi ego tuam lacrimulam,

Cic. Planc. 31, 76:

res autem se sic habet: composite et apte sine sententiis dicere insania est,

the truth is this, id. Or. 71, 236:

sic loquere, sic vive: vide, ne te ulla res deprimat,

Sen. Ep. 10, 4; cf. id. ib. 10, 1; Cato, R. R. 77 sqq.; Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 177; Ter. Phorm. prol. 13; Auct. Her. 4, 6, 9; 4, 21, 29; 4, 4, 30; Cic. [p. 1691] Inv. 1, 39, 71; id. Or. 1, 45, 198; 2, 40, 167; 2, 40, 172; id. Att. 2, 22, 1; 5, 1, 3; 6, 1, 3; Verg. A. 1, 521.—

Esp., with ellipsis of predicate:

ego sic: diem statuo, etc. (sc. ago),

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 16.—Sometimes sic introduces detached words: sic loqui nosse, judicasse vetant, novisse jubent et judicavisse (= they forbid to say nosse, etc.), Cic. Or. 47, 157.—

For instance (= hoc modo, hoc pacto, ut hoc, verbi gratia, ut si; cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 49, 91 sq. infra):

disjunctum est, cum unumquodque certo concluditur verbo,

Auct. Her. 4, 27, 37:

mala definitio est... cum aliquid non grave dicit, sic: Stultitia est immensa gloriae cupiditas,

Cic. Inv. 1, 49, 91.

As a local demonstrative, thus, so, etc. (deiktikôs; colloq.;

mostly comice): ne hunc ornatum vos meum admiremini, quod ego processi sic cum servili schema,

as you see me now, Plaut. Am. prol. 117:

sed amictus sic hac ludibundus incessi,

id. Ps. 5, 1, 31:

nec sic per totam infamis traducerer urbem,

Prop. 2, 24 (3, 18), 7:

sic ad me, miserande, redis?

Ov. M. 11, 728; cf. Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 4.—So accompanied with a corresponding gesture:

Quid tu igitur sic hoc digitulis duobus sumebas primoribus?

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 25: Pe. Quid si curram? Tr. Censeo. Pe. An sic potius placide? (the speaker imitating the motion), id. Rud. 4, 8, 10:

non licet te sic placidule bellam belle tangere?

id. ib. 2, 4, 12:

quod non omnia sic poterant conjuncta manere,

Lucr. 5, 441.—

Here belong the phrases sic dedero, sic dabo, sic datur, expressing a threat of revenge, or satisfaction at another's misfortune: sic dedero! aere militari tetigero lenunculum,

I will give it to him, Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 6; id. As. 2, 4, 33:

sic dabo!

Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 38:

doletne? hem, sic datur si quis erum servos spernit,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 21:

sic furi datur,

id. Stich. 5, 5, 25; so id. Men. 4, 2, 46.—Referring to an act just performed by the speaker:

sic deinde quicunque alius transiliet moenia mea (= sic pereat, quicunque deinde, etc.),

Liv. 1, 7, 2:

sic eat quaecunque Romana lugebit hostem,

so will every one fare who, id. 1, 26, 5:

sic... Cetera sit fortis castrorum turba tuorum (= sic ut interfeci te),

Ov. M. 12, 285.—So with a comp.-clause expressed:

sic stratas legiones Latinorum dabo, quemadmodum legatum jacentem videtis,

Liv. 8, 6, 6; cf. id. 1, 24, 8 (v. IV. 1. infra).

As correlative, with, 1. A comparative clause (sic far more frequent than ita); 2. A contrasted clause, mostly with ut; 3. A modal clause, with ut (ita more freq. than sic); 4. A clause expressing intensity, introduced by ut; 5. A conditional clause (rare; ita more freq.); 6. With a reason, introduced by quia (ante-class. and very rare); 7. With an inf. clause; 8. With ut, expressing purpose or result.

With comp. clauses, usu. introduced by ut, but also by quemadmodum (very freq.), sicut, velut, tamquam, quasi, quomodo, quam (rare and poet.), ceu (rare; poet. and post-class.), quantus (rare and poet.), qualis (ante-class. and rare).

With ut:

ut cibi satietas subamara aliqua re relevatur, sic animus defessus audiendi admiratione redintegratur,

Cic. Inv. 1, 17, 25:

ut non omnem frugem, neque arborem in omni agro reperire possis, sic non omne facinus in omni vita nascitur,

id. Rosc. Am. 27, 75:

ex suo regno sic Mithridates profugit ut ex eodem Ponto Medea quondam profugisse dicitur,

id. Imp. Pomp. 9, 22:

ut tu nunc de Coriolano, sic Clitarchus de Themistocle finxit,

id. Brut. 11, 42:

sic moneo ut filium, sic faveo ut mihi, sic hortor ut et pro patria et amicissimum,

id. Fam. 10, 5, 3:

ut vita, sic oratione durus fuit,

id. Brut. 31, 117:

de Lentulo sic fero ut debeo,

id. Att. 4, 6, 1:

sic est ut narro tibi,

Plaut. Most. 4, 3, 40; Cic. Inv. 2, 8, 28; id. Div. 2, 30, 93; id. de Or. 1, 33, 153; 3, 51, 198; Liv. 1, 47, 2; 2, 52, 7; Ov. M. 1, 495; 1, 539; 2, 165 et saep.—So in the formula ut quisque... sic (more freq. ita), rendered by according as, or the more... the...:

ut quisque rem accurat suam, sic ei procedunt postprincipia denique,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 1, 3:

ut quaeque res est tur pissima, sic maxime et maturissime vindicanda est,

Cic. Caecin. 2, 7; v. Fischer, Gr. II. p. 751.—

With quemadmodum: quemadmodum tibicen sine tibiis canere, sic orator, nisi multitudine audiente, eloquens esse non potest, Cic. Or. 2, 83, 338:

quemadmodum se tribuni gessissent in prohibendo dilectu, sic patres in lege prohibenda gerebant,

Liv. 3, 11, 3:

sic vestras hallucinationes fero, quemadmodum Juppiter ineptias poetarum,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 26, 6; cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 23, 33; 2, 8, 28; 2, 27, 82; id. Or. 3, 52, 200; id. Lael. 4, 16; id. Rosc. Com. 1, 2; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5; Liv. 2, 13, 8; 5, 3, 8; Sen. Ep. 5, 6 (bis); id. Clem. 1, 3, 5; id. Vit. Beat. 23, 4.—

With sicut:

tecum simul, sicut ego pro multis, sic ille pro Appio dixit,

Cic. Brut. 64, 230; 46, 112; id. Or. 2, 44, 186; id. Clu. 2; Caes. B. G. 6, 30; Liv. 4, 57, 11; 7, 13, 8; Sen. Vit. Beat. 9, 2.—

With velut:

velut ipse in re trepida se sit tutatus, sic consulem loca tutiora castris cepisse,

Liv. 4, 41, 6; cf. Cic. Tusc. 1, 10, 20; Verg. A. 1, 148; Ov. M. 4, 375; 4, 705.—

With tamquam:

tamquam litteris in cera, sic se ajebat imaginibus quae meminisse vellet, perscribere,

Cic. Or. 2, 88, 360:

quid autem ego sic adhuc egi, tamquam integra sit causa patriciorum?

Liv. 10, 8:

sic Ephesi fui, tamquam domi meae,

Cic. Fam. 13, 69, 1; cf. id. Or. 2, 42, 180; id. Brut. 18, 71; 58, 213; 66, 235; 74, 258; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 16; 2, 14, 1; id. Prov. Cons. 12, 31; Sen. Ep. 101, 7.—

With quasi:

hujus innocentiae sic in hac calamitosa fama, quasi in aliqua perniciosissima flamma subvenire,

Cic. Clu. 1, 4:

ea sic observabo quasi intercalatum non sit,

id. Att. 6, 1, 12:

Quid tu me sic salutas quasi dudum non videris?

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 51; cf. Cic. Or. 2, 11, 47; id. Inv. 1, 3, 4; id. Sen. 8, 26:

ego sic vivam quasi sciam, etc.,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 3.—

With quomodo:

quomodo nomen in militiam non daret debilis, sic ad iter quod inhabile sciat, non accedet,

Sen. Ot. Sap. 3 (30), 4:

sic demus quomodo vellemus accipere,

id. Ben. 2, 1, 1; id. Ep. 9, 17; id. Ot. Sap. 6, 2 (32 med.); Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 4.—

With ceu:

ceu cetera nusquam Bella forent... sic Martem indomitum Cernimus,

Verg. A. 2, 438.—

With quam:

non sic incerto mutantur flamine Syrtes, quam cito feminea non constat foedus in ira,

Prop. 2, 9, 33; Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 281.—

With quantus:

nec sic errore laetatus Ulixes... nec sic Electra... quanta ego collegi gaudia,

Prop. 2, 14 (3, 6), 5 sqq.—

With qualis:

imo sic condignum donum quali'st quoi dono datum est,

Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 40.—

Without a correlative particle, in an independent sentence:

Quis potione uti aut cibo dulci diutius potest? sic omnibus in rebus voluptatibus maximis fastidium finitimum est (= ut nemo cibo dulci uti diutius potest, sic, etc.),

Cic. Or. 3, 25, 100; cf. id. ib. 19, 63.—

In contrasted clauses, mostly with ut, which may generally be rendered while: ut ad bella suscipienda Gallorum acer ac promptus est animus, sic mollis ad calamitates perferendas mens eorum est (almost = etsi ad bella suscipienda... tamen mollis est, etc., while, etc.), Caes. B. G. 3, 19: a ceteris oblectationibus ut deseror, sic litteris sustentor et recreor, while I am deserted, I am sustained, etc., Cic. Att. 4, 10, 1; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 18, 55; id. Fam. 10, 20, 2; Liv. 4, 57, 11; Ov. M. 4, 131; 11, 76.—So freq. two members of the same sentence are coordinated by ut... sic (ita) with almost the same force as a co-ordination by cum... tum, or by sed:

consul, ut fortasse vere, sic parum utiliter in praesens certamen respondit (= vere fortasse, sed parum utiliter),

Liv. 4, 6, 2:

ut nondum satis claram victoriam, sic prosperae spei pugnam imber diremit,

id. 6, 32, 6:

(forma erat) ut non cygnorum, sic albis proxima cygnis,

Ov. M. 14, 509; cf. Liv. 1, 27, 2; 5, 38, 2; 6, 6, 10; Ov. M. 1, 370.—In this use etiam or quoque is sometimes joined with sic (never by Cic. with ita):

nostri sensus, ut in pace semper, sic tum etiam in bello congruebant (= cum... tum),

Cic. Marcell. 6, 16:

ut sunt, sic etiam nominantur senes,

id. Sen. 6, 20:

utinam ut culpam, sic etiam suspitionem vitare potuisses,

id. Phil. 1, 13, 33:

ut superiorum aetatum studia occidunt, sic occidunt etiam senectutis,

id. Sen. 20, 76:

ut voce, sic etiam oratione,

id. Or. 25, 85; id. Top. 15, 59; id. Leg. 2, 25, 62; id. Lael. 5, 19.—More rarely with quem ad modum, quomodo:

ut, quem ad modum est, sic etiam appelletur tyrannus,

Cic. Att. 10, 4, 2:

quo modo ad bene vivendum, sic etiam ad beate,

id. Tusc. 3, 17, 37. —

With a clause of manner introduced by ut = so that:

sic fuimus semper comparati ut hominum sermonibus quasi in aliquod judicium vocaremur,

Cic. Or. 3, 9, 32:

eam sic audio ut Plautum mihi aut Naevium videar audire,

id. ib. 3, 12, 45:

sic agam vobiscum ut aliquid de vestris vitiis audiatis,

id. ib. 3, 12, 46:

omnia sic suppetunt ut ei nullam deesse virtutem oratoris putem,

id. Brut. 71, 250:

omnis pars orationis esse debet laudabilis, sic ut verbum nullum excidat,

id. Or. 36, 125:

sic tecum agam ut vel respondendi vel interpellandi potestatem faciam,

id. Rosc. Am. 27, 73:

nec vero sic erat umquam non paratus Milo contra illum ut non satis fere esset paratus,

id. Mil. 21, 56:

sic eum eo de re publica disputavit ut sentiret sibi cum viro forti esse pugnandum,

id. Fam. 5, 2, 8; cf. Plaut. As. 2, 4, 49; id. Mil. 2, 2, 82; Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 245; 2, 1, 3; 2, 6, 23; id. Brut. 22, 88; 40, 148; id. Sest. 40, 87; id. Planc. 10, 25; id. Fam. 5, 15, 4; Caes. B. G. 2, 32; 5, 17; id. B. C. 3, 56; Prop. 1, 21, 5.—Sometimes the correlative clause is restrictive, and sic = but so, yet so, only so:

mihi sic placuit ut cetera Antisthenis, hominis acuti magis quam eruditi,

Cic. Att. 12, 38, 4:

sic conveniet reprehendi, ut demonstretur etc.,

id. Inv. 1, 46, 86; id. Brut. 79, 274; id. Marcell. 11, 34; id. Att. 13, 3, 1 (ita is more freq. in this sense).—

With a clause expressing intensity (so both with adjj. and verbs; but far less freq. than ita, tam, adeo), to such a degree, so, so far, etc.:

sic ego illum in timorem dabo, ipse sese ut neget esse eum qui siet,

Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 20 sq.:

conficior lacrimis sic ut ferre non possim,

Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 1:

sic rem fuisse apertam ut judicium fieri nihil attinuerit,

id. Inv. 2, 28, 84:

cujus responso judices sic exarserunt ut capitis hominem innocentissimum condemnarent,

id. Or. 1, 54, 233; cf. id. ib. 3, 8, 29; id. Brut. 88, 302; id. Or. 53, 177; 55, 184; id. Rep. 2, 21, 37; 3, 9, 15; id. Lael. 1, 4; id. Planc. 8, 21; id. Verr. 1, 36, 91; id. Balb. 5, 13; id. Att. 1, 8, 2; 1, 16, 1; Caes. B. G. 6, 41; Hor. S. 2, 3, 1.—

Rarely conditional clauses have the antecedent sic.

Poet. and in post-Aug. prose, to represent the result of the condition as sure:

sic invidiam effugies, si te non ingesseris oculis, si bona tua non jactaveris, si scieris in sinu gaudere,

Sen. Ep. 105, 3:

sic hodie veniet si qua negavit heri,

Prop. 2, 14 (3, 6), 20.—

Denoting with the proviso that, but only if (usu. ita):

decreverunt ut cum populus regem jussisset, id sic ratum esset si patres auctores fuissent,

that the choice should be valid, but only if the Senate should ratify it, Liv. 1, 17, 9:

sic ignovisse putato Me tibi si cenes hodie mecum,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 69.—

Sic quia = idcirco quia (very rare): Th. Quid vos? Insanin' estis? Tr. Quidum? Th. Sic quia foris ambulatis, Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 20.—

With inf. clause (freq.):

sic igitur sentio, naturam primum atque ingenium ad dicendum vim afferre maximam,

Cic. Or. 1, 25, 113:

sic a majoribus nostris accepimus, praetorem quaestori suo parentis loco esse oportere,

id. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61:

ego sic existimo, in summo imperatore quattuor res inesse oportere,

id. Imp. Pomp. 10, 38; cf. Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 5; Cic. Inv. 2, 55, 167; id. de Or. 1, 20, 93; 2, 28, 122; id. Brut. 36, 138; 41, 152; id. Div. in Caecil. 3, 10; id. Verr. 1, 7, 20; Liv. 5, 15, 11.—Esp., after sic habeto (habe, habeas) = scito (only Ciceron.):

sic habeto, in eum statum tuum reditum incidere ut, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 2, 3, 1; so id. ib. 1, 7, 3; 2, 6, 5; 2, 10, 1; 7, 18, 1; 9, 16, 2; id. Att. 2, 25, 1; 5, 1, 5; 5, 20, 1 et saep.—

With ut, expressing purpose or result:

nunc sic faciam, sic consilium est, ad erum ut veniam docte atque astu,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 2, 23:

ab Ariobarzane sic contendi ut talenta, quae mihi pollicebatur, illi daret,

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 3:

sic accidit ut ex tanto navium numero nulla omnino navis... desideraretur,

Caes. B. G. 5, 23; cf. Cato, R. R. 1, 1; Cic. Att. 8, 1, 4; id. Or. 2, 67, 271.

Idiomatic usages of sic.

In a wish, expressed as a conclusion after an imperative ( poet.):

parce: sic bene sub tenera parva quiescat humo (= si parces, bene quiescat),

Tib. 2, 6, 30:

annue: sic tibi sint intonsi, Phoebe, capilli,

id. 2, 5, 121:

pone, precor, fastus... Sic tibi nec vernum nascentia frigus adurat Poma, nec excutiant rapidi florentia venti,

Ov. M. 14, 762: dic [p. 1692] mihi de nostra quae sentis vera puella:

Sic tibi sint dominae, Lygdame, dempta juga,

Prop. 4, 5, 1; Tib. 2, 6, 30.—The imperative may follow the clause with sic:

sic tua Cyrneas fugiant examina taxos... Incipe (sc. cantare) si quid habes (= si incipies cantare, opto tibi ut tua examina, etc.),

Verg. E. 9, 30:

sic tibi (Arethusa) Doris amara suam non intermisceat undam: Incipe (= si incipies, opto tibi ut Doris, etc.),

id. ib. 10, 4:

sic mare compositum, sic sit tibi piscis in unda Credulus... Dic ubi sit,

Ov. M. 8, 857; Sen. Troad. 702; cf.:

sic te Diva potens Cypri... Ventorumque regat pater, Navis... Reddas incolumem Vergilium (= si tu, navis, reddes Vergilium, prosperum precor tibi cursum),

Hor. C. 1, 3, 1; cf.

also: sic venias hodierne: tibi dem turis honores (=si venies, tibi dem),

Tib. 1, 7, 53; cf. Ov. H. 3, 135; 4, 148.—

Sic (like ita) with ut in strong asseveration ( poet.):

sic me di amabunt, ut me tuarum miseritum'st fortunarum (= by the love of the gods, I pity, etc.),

Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 54:

Diespiter me sic amabit ut ego hanc familiam interire cupio,

Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 47:

sic has deus aequoris artes Adjuvet, ut nemo jamdudum littore in isto constitit,

Ov. M. 8, 866:

sic mihi te referas levis, ut non altera nostro limine intulit ulla pedes,

Prop. 1, 18, 11; cf. id. 3, 15 (4, 14), 1; cf.:

vera cano, sic usque sacras innoxia laurus vescar,

Tib. 2, 5, 63.—

In a demonstrative temporal force, like the Gr. houtôs, so, as the matter stands now, as it now is, as it then was, etc.

In gen.:

e Graecis cavendae sunt quaedam familiaritates, praeter hominum perpaucorum, si qui sunt vetere Graecia digni. Sic vero fallaces sunt permulti et leves,

but as things now stand, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5, § 16:

at sic citius qui te expedias his aerumnis reperias,

Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 8: Pe. Pol tibi istuc credo nomen actutum fore. Tr. Dum interea sic sit, istuc actutum sino, provided it be as it is, Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 71:

quotiens hoc tibi ego interdixi, meam ne sic volgo pollicitarere operam,

thus, as you are doing now, id. Mil. 4, 2, 65:

si utrumvis tibi visus essem, Non sic ludibrio tuis factis habitus essem,

Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 11:

non sic nudos in flumen deicere (voluerunt),

naked, as they are, Cic. Rosc. Am. 26, 71:

sub alta platano... jacentes sic temere,

Hor. C. 2, 11, 14.—Esp., with sine and abl.:

me germanam meam sororem tibi sic sine dote dedisse,

so as she is, without a dowry, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 65:

sic sine malo,

id. Rud. 3, 5, 2:

at operam perire meam sic... perpeti nequeo,

without result, id. Trin. 3, 2, 34 Ritschl, Fleck. (Brix omits sic): nec sic de nihilo fulminis ira cadit (= without cause), Prop. 2, 16 (3, 8), 52: mirabar hoc si sic abiret, so, i. e. without trouble, Ter. And. 1, 2, 4:

hoc non poterit sic abire,

Cic. Fin. 5, 3, 7; so,

sic abire,

id. Att. 14, 1, 1; Cat. 14, 16; Plaut. Men. 5, 7, 39. —Hence,

With imperatives, esp. with sine: Quid ego hoc faciam postea? sic sine eumpse, just let him alone, i. e. leave him as he is, Plaut. Most. 1, 4, 32:

si non vult (numerare), sic sine adstet,

id. As. 2, 4, 54:

sine fores sic, abi,

let the door alone, id. Men. 2, 3, 1; so id. Cas. 3, 6, 36; id. Ps. 1, 5, 62.—

Pregn., implying a concession (= kai houtôs), even as it is now, even without doing so, in spite of it:

nolo bis iterare, sat sic longae fiunt fabulae,

narratives are long enough anyhow, as they are, without saying them twice over, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 154:

sed sic quoque erat tamen Acis,

even as it was, in spite of what has been said, Ov. M. 13, 896; so,

sic quoque fallebat,

id. ib. 1, 698:

sed sic me et libertatis fructu privas et diligentiae,

anyhow, not taking into account what is mentioned, Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 4: exhibeas molestiam si quid debeam, qui nunc sic tam es molestus, who art so troublesome even as it is, i. e. without my owing you any thing, Plaut. Pers. 2, 44:

sic quoque parte plebis affecta, fides tamen publica potior senatui fuit,

Liv. 7, 27; cf. Ov. F. 2, 642; Suet. Aug. 78.—

Ellipt., referring to something in the mind of the speaker:

Quod si hoc nunc sic incipiam? Nihil est. Quod si sic? Tantumdem egero. At sic opinor? Non potest,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 8: illa quae aliis sic, aliis secus videntur, to some in one way, to others in another (= aliis aliter), Cic. Leg. 1, 17, 47: Quid vini absumpsit! Sic hoc dicens, asperum hoc est, aliud lenius, = this wine is so (the speaker not saying what he thinks of it), Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 49: deinde quod illa (quae ego dixi) sive faceta sunt, sive sic, fiunt narrante te venustissima, or so, i. e. or otherwise, Cic. Fam. 15, 21, 2:

monitorem non desiderabit qui dicat, Sic incede, sic cena... sic amico utere, sic cive, sic socio,

Sen. Ep. 114.—

In answers, yes = the French, Italian, and Spanish si (ante - class. and rare): Ph. Phaniam relictam ais? Ge. Sic, Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 2: De. Illa maneat? Ch. Sic, id. ib. 5, 3, 30: Ch. Sicine est sententia? Me. Sic, id. Heaut. 1, 1, 114.

sīc (old form sīce, Plaut. Rud. 2, 4, 12; also seic, C. I. L. 818), adv. [for si - ce; si, locat. form of pron. stem sa- = Gr. ho, ha, or hê, and demonstr. -ce; v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 777], so, thus, in this or that manner, in such a manner, in the same way or manner, in like manner, likewise, to this or that extent or degree, to such a degree, in this or that state or condition, in such a condition (syn. ita); sic refers, I. To a previous fact, description, or assumption.—II. To a subsequent independent sentence, = thus, as follows. —III. As a local demonstrative (deiktikôs), referring to something done or pointed out by the speaker, = thus, as I do it; thus, as you see, etc.—IV. As a correlative, preceding or following clauses introduced by conjunctions. —V. In certain idiomatic connections.

Referring to something said before, = hoc modo: sic ille annus duo firmamenta rei publicae evertit, so, i. e. in the manner mentioned, Cic. Att. 1, 18, 3:

sic et nata et progressa eloquentia videtur,

id. Inv. 1, 2, 3:

facinus indignum Sic circumiri,

Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 9:

sic deinceps omne opus contexitur,

Caes. B. G. 7, 23:

arare mavelim quam sic amare,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 21:

sic se res habet,

Cic. Brut. 18, 71:

sic regii constiterant,

Liv. 42, 58:

sic res Romana in antiquum statum rediit,

id. 3, 9, 1:

sic ad Alpes perventum est,

Tac. H. 1, 84; cf. Enn. Ann. 1, 104; Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 88; Ter. Ad. 5, 2, 11; Cic. Inv. 1, 46, 86; 2, 32, 100; id. de Or. 1, 32, 146; 2, 49, 201; 3, 29, 117; id. Brut. 40, 149; id. Rep. 2, 14, 27; 2, 20, 35; id. Lael. 9, 32; Liv. 4, 11, 5; 6, 17, 1; Caes. B. G. 3, 19; 6, 30; 7, 62.—Often sic does not qualify the main predicate, but a participle or adjective referring to it:

sic igitur instructus veniat ad causas,

Cic. Or. 34, 121:

cum sic affectos dimisisset,

Liv. 21, 43, 1:

sic omnibus copiis fusis se in castra recipiunt,

Caes. B. G. 3, 6:

sic milites consolatus eodem die reducit in castra,

id. ib. 7, 19; cf. id. ib. 7, 62; Ov. M. 1, 32.—

In a parenthet. clause (= ita):

quae, ut sic dicam, ad corpus pertinent civitatis,

so to speak, Cic. Inv. 2, 56, 168:

commentabar declamitans—sic enim nunc loquuntur,

id. Brut. 90, 310; cf. id. Att. 12, 39, 2; id. Lael. 11, 39; Liv. 7, 31; Ov. M. 4, 660; 13, 597; 13, 866.—

Referring not to the predicate, but to some intermediate term understood (= ita; cf.

Engl. so): sic provolant duo Fabii (= sic loquentes),

Liv. 2, 46, 7:

sic enim nostrae rationes postulabant (sic = ut sic agerem),

Cic. Att. 4, 2, 6:

tibi enim ipsi sic video placere (sic = sic faciendo),

id. ib. 4, 6, 2:

sic enim concedis mihi proximis litteris (= ut sic agam),

id. ib. 5, 20, 1:

sic enim statuerat (= hoc faciendum esse),

id. Phil. 5, 7, 208:

Quid igitur? Non sic oportet? Equidem censeo sic (sic = hoc fieri),

id. Fam. 16, 18, 1:

sic soleo (i. e. bona consilia reddere),

Ter. Ad. 5, 7, 25:

sic soleo amicos (i. e. beare),

id. Eun. 2, 2, 48:

sic memini tamen (= hoc ita esse),

Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 48:

haec sic audivi (= ita esse),

id. Ep. 3, 1, 79:

sic prorsus existimo (= hoc ita esse),

Cic. Brut. 33, 125:

quoniam sic cogitis ipsi (= hoc facere),

Ov. M. 5, 178.—

As completing object, = hoc:

iis litteris respondebo: sic enim postulas (= hoc postulas),

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 1:

hic adsiste. Sic volo (= hoc volo, or hoc te facere volo),

Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 15:

sic fata jubent (= hoc jubent, or hoc facere jubent),

Ov. M. 15, 584:

hic apud nos hodie cenes. Sic face,

Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 8:

sic faciendum est,

Cic. Att. 4, 6, 2.—

Predicatively with esse (appellari, videri, etc.), in the sense of talis:

sic vita hominum est (= talis),

Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 84:

vir acerrimo ingenio—sic enim fuit,

id. Or. 5, 18:

familiaris noster—sic est enim,

id. Att. 1, 18, 6:

sic est vulgus,

id. Rosc. Com. 10, 20:

sic, Crito, est hic,

Ter. And. 5, 4, 16: sic sum;

si placeo, utere,

id. Phorm. 3, 2, 42:

sic sententiest,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 90:

sic est (= sic res se habet),

that is so, Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 21:

qui sic sunt (i. e. vivunt) haud multum heredem juvant,

id. Hec. 3, 5, 10:

nunc hoc profecto sic est,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 1, 42:

sic est. Non muto sententiam,

Sen. Ep. 10; cf. Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 35; id. Am. 2, 1, 60; id. Aul. 2, 4, 43; id. As. 5, 2, 12; id. Most. 4, 3, 40; Ter. And. 1, 1, 35; id. Eun. 3, 1, 18; id. Ad. 3, 3, 44; Cic. Lael. 1, 5; id. de Or. 1, 19, 86; id. Or. 14, 46.—

Rarely as subject (mostly representing a subject-clause):

sic commodius esse arbitror quam manere hanc (sic = abire),

Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 31:

si sic (= hoc) est factum, erus damno auctus est,

id. Heaut. 4, 1, 15: Pe. Quid? Concidit? Mi. Sic suspicio est (= eam concidisse), Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 57:

mihi sic est usus (= sic agere),

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 28:

sic opus est (= hoc facere),

Ov. M. 1, 279; 2, 785.—

To express relations other than manner (rare).

Of consequence; un der these circumstances, accordingly, hence:

sic Numitori ad supplicium Remus deditur,

Liv. 1, 5, 4:

sic et habet quod uterque eorum habuit, et explevit quod utrique defuit,

Cic. Brut. 42, 154:

sic victam legem esse, nisi caveant,

Liv. 4, 11, 5:

suavis mihi ructus est. Sic sine modo,

Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 17. —

Of condition; on this condition, if this be done, etc.:

reliquas illius anni pestes recordamini, sic enim facillime perspicietis, etc.,

Cic. Sest. 25, 55: displiceas aliis;

sic ego tutus ero (sic = si displicebis),

Tib. 4, 13, 6:

Scironis media sic licet ire via (sic = si amantes eunt),

Prop. 4, 15 (3, 16), 12:

sic demum lucos Stygios Aspicies (= non aspicies, nisi hoc facies),

Verg. A. 6, 154 (for sic as antecedent of si, v. infra, IV. 5).—

Of intensity:

non latuit scintilla ingenii: sic erat in omni sermone sollers (= tam sollers erat ut non lateret ingenium),

Cic. Rep. 2, 21, 37; cf. infra, IV. 4.

Referring to a subsequent sentence, thus, as follows, in the following manner (= hoc modo, hoc pacto, hujusmodi, ad hunc modum):

ingressus est sic loqui Scipio: Catonis hoc senis est, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 2, 1, 1 (cf.:

tum Varro ita exorsus est,

id. Ac. 1, 4, 15): hunc inter pugnas Servilius sic compellat, etc., Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 4 (Ann. v. 256 Vahl.):

puero sic dicit pater: Noster esto,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 38:

sic faciam: adsimulabo quasi quam culpam in sese admiserint,

id. Stich. 1, 2, 27 dub.:

salem candidum sic facito: amphoram puram impleto, etc.,

Cato, R. R. 88: sic enim dixisti:

Vidi ego tuam lacrimulam,

Cic. Planc. 31, 76:

res autem se sic habet: composite et apte sine sententiis dicere insania est,

the truth is this, id. Or. 71, 236:

sic loquere, sic vive: vide, ne te ulla res deprimat,

Sen. Ep. 10, 4; cf. id. ib. 10, 1; Cato, R. R. 77 sqq.; Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 177; Ter. Phorm. prol. 13; Auct. Her. 4, 6, 9; 4, 21, 29; 4, 4, 30; Cic. [p. 1691] Inv. 1, 39, 71; id. Or. 1, 45, 198; 2, 40, 167; 2, 40, 172; id. Att. 2, 22, 1; 5, 1, 3; 6, 1, 3; Verg. A. 1, 521.—

Esp., with ellipsis of predicate:

ego sic: diem statuo, etc. (sc. ago),

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 16.—Sometimes sic introduces detached words: sic loqui nosse, judicasse vetant, novisse jubent et judicavisse (= they forbid to say nosse, etc.), Cic. Or. 47, 157.—

For instance (= hoc modo, hoc pacto, ut hoc, verbi gratia, ut si; cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 49, 91 sq. infra):

disjunctum est, cum unumquodque certo concluditur verbo,

Auct. Her. 4, 27, 37:

mala definitio est... cum aliquid non grave dicit, sic: Stultitia est immensa gloriae cupiditas,

Cic. Inv. 1, 49, 91.

As a local demonstrative, thus, so, etc. (deiktikôs; colloq.;

mostly comice): ne hunc ornatum vos meum admiremini, quod ego processi sic cum servili schema,

as you see me now, Plaut. Am. prol. 117:

sed amictus sic hac ludibundus incessi,

id. Ps. 5, 1, 31:

nec sic per totam infamis traducerer urbem,

Prop. 2, 24 (3, 18), 7:

sic ad me, miserande, redis?

Ov. M. 11, 728; cf. Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 4.—So accompanied with a corresponding gesture:

Quid tu igitur sic hoc digitulis duobus sumebas primoribus?

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 25: Pe. Quid si curram? Tr. Censeo. Pe. An sic potius placide? (the speaker imitating the motion), id. Rud. 4, 8, 10:

non licet te sic placidule bellam belle tangere?

id. ib. 2, 4, 12:

quod non omnia sic poterant conjuncta manere,

Lucr. 5, 441.—

Here belong the phrases sic dedero, sic dabo, sic datur, expressing a threat of revenge, or satisfaction at another's misfortune: sic dedero! aere militari tetigero lenunculum,

I will give it to him, Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 6; id. As. 2, 4, 33:

sic dabo!

Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 38:

doletne? hem, sic datur si quis erum servos spernit,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 21:

sic furi datur,

id. Stich. 5, 5, 25; so id. Men. 4, 2, 46.—Referring to an act just performed by the speaker:

sic deinde quicunque alius transiliet moenia mea (= sic pereat, quicunque deinde, etc.),

Liv. 1, 7, 2:

sic eat quaecunque Romana lugebit hostem,

so will every one fare who, id. 1, 26, 5:

sic... Cetera sit fortis castrorum turba tuorum (= sic ut interfeci te),

Ov. M. 12, 285.—So with a comp.-clause expressed:

sic stratas legiones Latinorum dabo, quemadmodum legatum jacentem videtis,

Liv. 8, 6, 6; cf. id. 1, 24, 8 (v. IV. 1. infra).

As correlative, with, 1. A comparative clause (sic far more frequent than ita); 2. A contrasted clause, mostly with ut; 3. A modal clause, with ut (ita more freq. than sic); 4. A clause expressing intensity, introduced by ut; 5. A conditional clause (rare; ita more freq.); 6. With a reason, introduced by quia (ante-class. and very rare); 7. With an inf. clause; 8. With ut, expressing purpose or result.

With comp. clauses, usu. introduced by ut, but also by quemadmodum (very freq.), sicut, velut, tamquam, quasi, quomodo, quam (rare and poet.), ceu (rare; poet. and post-class.), quantus (rare and poet.), qualis (ante-class. and rare).

With ut:

ut cibi satietas subamara aliqua re relevatur, sic animus defessus audiendi admiratione redintegratur,

Cic. Inv. 1, 17, 25:

ut non omnem frugem, neque arborem in omni agro reperire possis, sic non omne facinus in omni vita nascitur,

id. Rosc. Am. 27, 75:

ex suo regno sic Mithridates profugit ut ex eodem Ponto Medea quondam profugisse dicitur,

id. Imp. Pomp. 9, 22:

ut tu nunc de Coriolano, sic Clitarchus de Themistocle finxit,

id. Brut. 11, 42:

sic moneo ut filium, sic faveo ut mihi, sic hortor ut et pro patria et amicissimum,

id. Fam. 10, 5, 3:

ut vita, sic oratione durus fuit,

id. Brut. 31, 117:

de Lentulo sic fero ut debeo,

id. Att. 4, 6, 1:

sic est ut narro tibi,

Plaut. Most. 4, 3, 40; Cic. Inv. 2, 8, 28; id. Div. 2, 30, 93; id. de Or. 1, 33, 153; 3, 51, 198; Liv. 1, 47, 2; 2, 52, 7; Ov. M. 1, 495; 1, 539; 2, 165 et saep.—So in the formula ut quisque... sic (more freq. ita), rendered by according as, or the more... the...:

ut quisque rem accurat suam, sic ei procedunt postprincipia denique,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 1, 3:

ut quaeque res est tur pissima, sic maxime et maturissime vindicanda est,

Cic. Caecin. 2, 7; v. Fischer, Gr. II. p. 751.—

With quemadmodum: quemadmodum tibicen sine tibiis canere, sic orator, nisi multitudine audiente, eloquens esse non potest, Cic. Or. 2, 83, 338:

quemadmodum se tribuni gessissent in prohibendo dilectu, sic patres in lege prohibenda gerebant,

Liv. 3, 11, 3:

sic vestras hallucinationes fero, quemadmodum Juppiter ineptias poetarum,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 26, 6; cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 23, 33; 2, 8, 28; 2, 27, 82; id. Or. 3, 52, 200; id. Lael. 4, 16; id. Rosc. Com. 1, 2; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5; Liv. 2, 13, 8; 5, 3, 8; Sen. Ep. 5, 6 (bis); id. Clem. 1, 3, 5; id. Vit. Beat. 23, 4.—

With sicut:

tecum simul, sicut ego pro multis, sic ille pro Appio dixit,

Cic. Brut. 64, 230; 46, 112; id. Or. 2, 44, 186; id. Clu. 2; Caes. B. G. 6, 30; Liv. 4, 57, 11; 7, 13, 8; Sen. Vit. Beat. 9, 2.—

With velut:

velut ipse in re trepida se sit tutatus, sic consulem loca tutiora castris cepisse,

Liv. 4, 41, 6; cf. Cic. Tusc. 1, 10, 20; Verg. A. 1, 148; Ov. M. 4, 375; 4, 705.—

With tamquam:

tamquam litteris in cera, sic se ajebat imaginibus quae meminisse vellet, perscribere,

Cic. Or. 2, 88, 360:

quid autem ego sic adhuc egi, tamquam integra sit causa patriciorum?

Liv. 10, 8:

sic Ephesi fui, tamquam domi meae,

Cic. Fam. 13, 69, 1; cf. id. Or. 2, 42, 180; id. Brut. 18, 71; 58, 213; 66, 235; 74, 258; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 16; 2, 14, 1; id. Prov. Cons. 12, 31; Sen. Ep. 101, 7.—

With quasi:

hujus innocentiae sic in hac calamitosa fama, quasi in aliqua perniciosissima flamma subvenire,

Cic. Clu. 1, 4:

ea sic observabo quasi intercalatum non sit,

id. Att. 6, 1, 12:

Quid tu me sic salutas quasi dudum non videris?

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 51; cf. Cic. Or. 2, 11, 47; id. Inv. 1, 3, 4; id. Sen. 8, 26:

ego sic vivam quasi sciam, etc.,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 3.—

With quomodo:

quomodo nomen in militiam non daret debilis, sic ad iter quod inhabile sciat, non accedet,

Sen. Ot. Sap. 3 (30), 4:

sic demus quomodo vellemus accipere,

id. Ben. 2, 1, 1; id. Ep. 9, 17; id. Ot. Sap. 6, 2 (32 med.); Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 4.—

With ceu:

ceu cetera nusquam Bella forent... sic Martem indomitum Cernimus,

Verg. A. 2, 438.—

With quam:

non sic incerto mutantur flamine Syrtes, quam cito feminea non constat foedus in ira,

Prop. 2, 9, 33; Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 281.—

With quantus:

nec sic errore laetatus Ulixes... nec sic Electra... quanta ego collegi gaudia,

Prop. 2, 14 (3, 6), 5 sqq.—

With qualis:

imo sic condignum donum quali'st quoi dono datum est,

Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 40.—

Without a correlative particle, in an independent sentence:

Quis potione uti aut cibo dulci diutius potest? sic omnibus in rebus voluptatibus maximis fastidium finitimum est (= ut nemo cibo dulci uti diutius potest, sic, etc.),

Cic. Or. 3, 25, 100; cf. id. ib. 19, 63.—

In contrasted clauses, mostly with ut, which may generally be rendered while: ut ad bella suscipienda Gallorum acer ac promptus est animus, sic mollis ad calamitates perferendas mens eorum est (almost = etsi ad bella suscipienda... tamen mollis est, etc., while, etc.), Caes. B. G. 3, 19: a ceteris oblectationibus ut deseror, sic litteris sustentor et recreor, while I am deserted, I am sustained, etc., Cic. Att. 4, 10, 1; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 18, 55; id. Fam. 10, 20, 2; Liv. 4, 57, 11; Ov. M. 4, 131; 11, 76.—So freq. two members of the same sentence are coordinated by ut... sic (ita) with almost the same force as a co-ordination by cum... tum, or by sed:

consul, ut fortasse vere, sic parum utiliter in praesens certamen respondit (= vere fortasse, sed parum utiliter),

Liv. 4, 6, 2:

ut nondum satis claram victoriam, sic prosperae spei pugnam imber diremit,

id. 6, 32, 6:

(forma erat) ut non cygnorum, sic albis proxima cygnis,

Ov. M. 14, 509; cf. Liv. 1, 27, 2; 5, 38, 2; 6, 6, 10; Ov. M. 1, 370.—In this use etiam or quoque is sometimes joined with sic (never by Cic. with ita):

nostri sensus, ut in pace semper, sic tum etiam in bello congruebant (= cum... tum),

Cic. Marcell. 6, 16:

ut sunt, sic etiam nominantur senes,

id. Sen. 6, 20:

utinam ut culpam, sic etiam suspitionem vitare potuisses,

id. Phil. 1, 13, 33:

ut superiorum aetatum studia occidunt, sic occidunt etiam senectutis,

id. Sen. 20, 76:

ut voce, sic etiam oratione,

id. Or. 25, 85; id. Top. 15, 59; id. Leg. 2, 25, 62; id. Lael. 5, 19.—More rarely with quem ad modum, quomodo:

ut, quem ad modum est, sic etiam appelletur tyrannus,

Cic. Att. 10, 4, 2:

quo modo ad bene vivendum, sic etiam ad beate,

id. Tusc. 3, 17, 37. —

With a clause of manner introduced by ut = so that:

sic fuimus semper comparati ut hominum sermonibus quasi in aliquod judicium vocaremur,

Cic. Or. 3, 9, 32:

eam sic audio ut Plautum mihi aut Naevium videar audire,

id. ib. 3, 12, 45:

sic agam vobiscum ut aliquid de vestris vitiis audiatis,

id. ib. 3, 12, 46:

omnia sic suppetunt ut ei nullam deesse virtutem oratoris putem,

id. Brut. 71, 250:

omnis pars orationis esse debet laudabilis, sic ut verbum nullum excidat,

id. Or. 36, 125:

sic tecum agam ut vel respondendi vel interpellandi potestatem faciam,

id. Rosc. Am. 27, 73:

nec vero sic erat umquam non paratus Milo contra illum ut non satis fere esset paratus,

id. Mil. 21, 56:

sic eum eo de re publica disputavit ut sentiret sibi cum viro forti esse pugnandum,

id. Fam. 5, 2, 8; cf. Plaut. As. 2, 4, 49; id. Mil. 2, 2, 82; Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 245; 2, 1, 3; 2, 6, 23; id. Brut. 22, 88; 40, 148; id. Sest. 40, 87; id. Planc. 10, 25; id. Fam. 5, 15, 4; Caes. B. G. 2, 32; 5, 17; id. B. C. 3, 56; Prop. 1, 21, 5.—Sometimes the correlative clause is restrictive, and sic = but so, yet so, only so:

mihi sic placuit ut cetera Antisthenis, hominis acuti magis quam eruditi,

Cic. Att. 12, 38, 4:

sic conveniet reprehendi, ut demonstretur etc.,

id. Inv. 1, 46, 86; id. Brut. 79, 274; id. Marcell. 11, 34; id. Att. 13, 3, 1 (ita is more freq. in this sense).—

With a clause expressing intensity (so both with adjj. and verbs; but far less freq. than ita, tam, adeo), to such a degree, so, so far, etc.:

sic ego illum in timorem dabo, ipse sese ut neget esse eum qui siet,

Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 20 sq.:

conficior lacrimis sic ut ferre non possim,

Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 1:

sic rem fuisse apertam ut judicium fieri nihil attinuerit,

id. Inv. 2, 28, 84:

cujus responso judices sic exarserunt ut capitis hominem innocentissimum condemnarent,

id. Or. 1, 54, 233; cf. id. ib. 3, 8, 29; id. Brut. 88, 302; id. Or. 53, 177; 55, 184; id. Rep. 2, 21, 37; 3, 9, 15; id. Lael. 1, 4; id. Planc. 8, 21; id. Verr. 1, 36, 91; id. Balb. 5, 13; id. Att. 1, 8, 2; 1, 16, 1; Caes. B. G. 6, 41; Hor. S. 2, 3, 1.—

Rarely conditional clauses have the antecedent sic.

Poet. and in post-Aug. prose, to represent the result of the condition as sure:

sic invidiam effugies, si te non ingesseris oculis, si bona tua non jactaveris, si scieris in sinu gaudere,

Sen. Ep. 105, 3:

sic hodie veniet si qua negavit heri,

Prop. 2, 14 (3, 6), 20.—

Denoting with the proviso that, but only if (usu. ita):

decreverunt ut cum populus regem jussisset, id sic ratum esset si patres auctores fuissent,

that the choice should be valid, but only if the Senate should ratify it, Liv. 1, 17, 9:

sic ignovisse putato Me tibi si cenes hodie mecum,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 69.—

Sic quia = idcirco quia (very rare): Th. Quid vos? Insanin' estis? Tr. Quidum? Th. Sic quia foris ambulatis, Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 20.—

With inf. clause (freq.):

sic igitur sentio, naturam primum atque ingenium ad dicendum vim afferre maximam,

Cic. Or. 1, 25, 113:

sic a majoribus nostris accepimus, praetorem quaestori suo parentis loco esse oportere,

id. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61:

ego sic existimo, in summo imperatore quattuor res inesse oportere,

id. Imp. Pomp. 10, 38; cf. Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 5; Cic. Inv. 2, 55, 167; id. de Or. 1, 20, 93; 2, 28, 122; id. Brut. 36, 138; 41, 152; id. Div. in Caecil. 3, 10; id. Verr. 1, 7, 20; Liv. 5, 15, 11.—Esp., after sic habeto (habe, habeas) = scito (only Ciceron.):

sic habeto, in eum statum tuum reditum incidere ut, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 2, 3, 1; so id. ib. 1, 7, 3; 2, 6, 5; 2, 10, 1; 7, 18, 1; 9, 16, 2; id. Att. 2, 25, 1; 5, 1, 5; 5, 20, 1 et saep.—

With ut, expressing purpose or result:

nunc sic faciam, sic consilium est, ad erum ut veniam docte atque astu,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 2, 23:

ab Ariobarzane sic contendi ut talenta, quae mihi pollicebatur, illi daret,

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 3:

sic accidit ut ex tanto navium numero nulla omnino navis... desideraretur,

Caes. B. G. 5, 23; cf. Cato, R. R. 1, 1; Cic. Att. 8, 1, 4; id. Or. 2, 67, 271.

Idiomatic usages of sic.

In a wish, expressed as a conclusion after an imperative ( poet.):

parce: sic bene sub tenera parva quiescat humo (= si parces, bene quiescat),

Tib. 2, 6, 30:

annue: sic tibi sint intonsi, Phoebe, capilli,

id. 2, 5, 121:

pone, precor, fastus... Sic tibi nec vernum nascentia frigus adurat Poma, nec excutiant rapidi florentia venti,

Ov. M. 14, 762: dic [p. 1692] mihi de nostra quae sentis vera puella:

Sic tibi sint dominae, Lygdame, dempta juga,

Prop. 4, 5, 1; Tib. 2, 6, 30.—The imperative may follow the clause with sic:

sic tua Cyrneas fugiant examina taxos... Incipe (sc. cantare) si quid habes (= si incipies cantare, opto tibi ut tua examina, etc.),

Verg. E. 9, 30:

sic tibi (Arethusa) Doris amara suam non intermisceat undam: Incipe (= si incipies, opto tibi ut Doris, etc.),

id. ib. 10, 4:

sic mare compositum, sic sit tibi piscis in unda Credulus... Dic ubi sit,

Ov. M. 8, 857; Sen. Troad. 702; cf.:

sic te Diva potens Cypri... Ventorumque regat pater, Navis... Reddas incolumem Vergilium (= si tu, navis, reddes Vergilium, prosperum precor tibi cursum),

Hor. C. 1, 3, 1; cf.

also: sic venias hodierne: tibi dem turis honores (=si venies, tibi dem),

Tib. 1, 7, 53; cf. Ov. H. 3, 135; 4, 148.—

Sic (like ita) with ut in strong asseveration ( poet.):

sic me di amabunt, ut me tuarum miseritum'st fortunarum (= by the love of the gods, I pity, etc.),

Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 54:

Diespiter me sic amabit ut ego hanc familiam interire cupio,

Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 47:

sic has deus aequoris artes Adjuvet, ut nemo jamdudum littore in isto constitit,

Ov. M. 8, 866:

sic mihi te referas levis, ut non altera nostro limine intulit ulla pedes,

Prop. 1, 18, 11; cf. id. 3, 15 (4, 14), 1; cf.:

vera cano, sic usque sacras innoxia laurus vescar,

Tib. 2, 5, 63.—

In a demonstrative temporal force, like the Gr. houtôs, so, as the matter stands now, as it now is, as it then was, etc.

In gen.:

e Graecis cavendae sunt quaedam familiaritates, praeter hominum perpaucorum, si qui sunt vetere Graecia digni. Sic vero fallaces sunt permulti et leves,

but as things now stand, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5, § 16:

at sic citius qui te expedias his aerumnis reperias,

Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 8: Pe. Pol tibi istuc credo nomen actutum fore. Tr. Dum interea sic sit, istuc actutum sino, provided it be as it is, Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 71:

quotiens hoc tibi ego interdixi, meam ne sic volgo pollicitarere operam,

thus, as you are doing now, id. Mil. 4, 2, 65:

si utrumvis tibi visus essem, Non sic ludibrio tuis factis habitus essem,

Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 11:

non sic nudos in flumen deicere (voluerunt),

naked, as they are, Cic. Rosc. Am. 26, 71:

sub alta platano... jacentes sic temere,

Hor. C. 2, 11, 14.—Esp., with sine and abl.:

me germanam meam sororem tibi sic sine dote dedisse,

so as she is, without a dowry, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 65:

sic sine malo,

id. Rud. 3, 5, 2:

at operam perire meam sic... perpeti nequeo,

without result, id. Trin. 3, 2, 34 Ritschl, Fleck. (Brix omits sic): nec sic de nihilo fulminis ira cadit (= without cause), Prop. 2, 16 (3, 8), 52: mirabar hoc si sic abiret, so, i. e. without trouble, Ter. And. 1, 2, 4:

hoc non poterit sic abire,

Cic. Fin. 5, 3, 7; so,

sic abire,

id. Att. 14, 1, 1; Cat. 14, 16; Plaut. Men. 5, 7, 39. —Hence,

With imperatives, esp. with sine: Quid ego hoc faciam postea? sic sine eumpse, just let him alone, i. e. leave him as he is, Plaut. Most. 1, 4, 32:

si non vult (numerare), sic sine adstet,

id. As. 2, 4, 54:

sine fores sic, abi,

let the door alone, id. Men. 2, 3, 1; so id. Cas. 3, 6, 36; id. Ps. 1, 5, 62.—

Pregn., implying a concession (= kai houtôs), even as it is now, even without doing so, in spite of it:

nolo bis iterare, sat sic longae fiunt fabulae,

narratives are long enough anyhow, as they are, without saying them twice over, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 154:

sed sic quoque erat tamen Acis,

even as it was, in spite of what has been said, Ov. M. 13, 896; so,

sic quoque fallebat,

id. ib. 1, 698:

sed sic me et libertatis fructu privas et diligentiae,

anyhow, not taking into account what is mentioned, Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 4: exhibeas molestiam si quid debeam, qui nunc sic tam es molestus, who art so troublesome even as it is, i. e. without my owing you any thing, Plaut. Pers. 2, 44:

sic quoque parte plebis affecta, fides tamen publica potior senatui fuit,

Liv. 7, 27; cf. Ov. F. 2, 642; Suet. Aug. 78.—

Ellipt., referring to something in the mind of the speaker:

Quod si hoc nunc sic incipiam? Nihil est. Quod si sic? Tantumdem egero. At sic opinor? Non potest,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 8: illa quae aliis sic, aliis secus videntur, to some in one way, to others in another (= aliis aliter), Cic. Leg. 1, 17, 47: Quid vini absumpsit! Sic hoc dicens, asperum hoc est, aliud lenius, = this wine is so (the speaker not saying what he thinks of it), Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 49: deinde quod illa (quae ego dixi) sive faceta sunt, sive sic, fiunt narrante te venustissima, or so, i. e. or otherwise, Cic. Fam. 15, 21, 2:

monitorem non desiderabit qui dicat, Sic incede, sic cena... sic amico utere, sic cive, sic socio,

Sen. Ep. 114.—

In answers, yes = the French, Italian, and Spanish si (ante - class. and rare): Ph. Phaniam relictam ais? Ge. Sic, Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 2: De. Illa maneat? Ch. Sic, id. ib. 5, 3, 30: Ch. Sicine est sententia? Me. Sic, id. Heaut. 1, 1, 114.

erro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a. [root er-, to go; desiderative forms, erchomai (ersk-); and Lat. (ers-o) erro, to seek to reach; hence, to wander; cf. Germ. irren; Engl. err, etc., v. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 546 sq.].

In gen.

Prop., to wander, to wander or stray about, to wander up and down, to rove (freq. and class.; cf.

vagor, palor): propter te errans patria careo,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 16; cf.:

cum vagus et exsul erraret,

Cic. Clu. 62, 175:

ignari hominumque locorumque Erramus vento huc et vastis fluctibus acti,

Verg. A. 1, 333; cf. id. ib. 1, 32; 3, 200; Ov. M. 3, 175; id. F. 2, 335 et saep.:

circum villulas nostras,

Cic. Att. 8, 9, 3:

pios per lucos,

Hor. C. 3, 4, 7:

inter audaces lupus errat agnos,

id. ib. 3, 18, 13; cf.

of beasts,

id. S. 1, 8, 35; id. Epod. 2, 12; Verg. E. 1, 9; 2, 21; 6, 40; id. G. 4, 11 et saep.— Pass. impers.:

male tum Libyae solis erratur in agris,

Verg. G. 3, 249.—Prov.:

in media luce errare,

Sen. Ben. 5, 6, 3.—

Transf., of inanimate things:

(stellae) quae errantes et quasi vagae nominantur,

Cic. Rep. 1, 14;

so of the planets,

id. N. D. 2, 20; 3, 20; id. Tusc. 1, 25, 62; Plin. 2, 6, 4, § 12; Vulg. Jud. 13; cf.

of the motion of the stars in gen.,

Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 17:

Cocytus errans flumine languido,

id. C. 2, 14, 18; cf. Verg. G. 3, 14:

errantesque per altum Cyaneae,

Val. Fl. 4, 561:

hic lintres errare videres,

Ov. F. 2, 391:

vidi ad frontem sparsos errare capillos,

i. e. flying about, Prop. 2, 1, 7; cf. id. 2, 22, 9:

errantia lumina,

i. e. moving fitfully about, Prop. 3, 14, 27 (4, 13, 27 M.); cf. Stat. Th. 10, 150:

pulmonibus errat Ignis edax,

i. e. spreads, runs about, Ov. M. 9, 201 et saep.—

Trop., to wander, stray at random: ne vagari et errare cogatur oratio, Cic. de Or., 48, 209; cf.: erraus et vaga sententia (opp. stabilis certaque), id. N. D. 2, 1, 2:

eo fit, ut errem et vager latius,

id. Ac. 2, 20, 66:

ut ingredi libere, non ut licenter videatur errare,

id. Or. 23, 77:

errans opinio (opp. stabilis conscientia),

id. Fin. 2, 22, 71:

dubiis affectibus errat,

Ov. M. 8, 473:

ne tuus erret honos,

be in doubt, uncertain, id. F. 1, 468; cf. id. ib. 3, 543.— Poet., with a rel.-clause:

erro, quam insistas viam,

I am uncertain, in doubt, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 197; cf.:

inter recens et vetus sacramentum,

i. e. to hesitate, vacillate, Tac. H. 4, 58.—

In partic., to miss the right way, to lose one's self, go astray (in the literal sense rarely, but in the trop. freq. and class.).

Lit.: homo qui erranti comiter monstrat viam, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 16, 51:

errare viā,

Verg. A. 2, 739:

maledictus qui errare facit caecum in itinere,

Vulg. Deut. 27, 18.—

Trop., to wander from the truth, to err, mistake:

avius errat Saepe animus,

Lucr. 3, 463; cf. id. 2, 740:

totā erras viā,

Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 14; cf.:

in eo non tu quidem totà re, sed temporibus errasti,

Cic. Phil. 2, 9 fin.:

longe,

Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 40; cf.

procul,

Sall. J. 85, 38 Kritz. N. cr.:

errant probe,

Plaut. Am. 3, 3, 20:

vehementer,

Cic. Ac. 2, 32, 103:

valde,

id. de Or. 2, 19, 83 et saep.:

errare malo cum Platone quam cum istis vera sentire,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 17, 39; cf. id. Balb. 28, 64:

erras, si id credis,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 53; so with si, id. Hec. 4, 4, 60; Caes. B. G. 5, 41, 5; 7, 29, 2 et saep.:

de nostris verbis errat,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 22:

in aliqua re,

Quint. 6, 3, 112; 10, 2, 21; 11, 1, 81 al.:

in alteram partem,

id. 10, 1, 26; cf.:

in alienos fetus,

Liv. 31, 12, 8.—Less freq. with acc. of a neutr. pronoun:

mone, quaeso, si quid erro,

Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 30; so with quid, Ter. And. 3, 2, 18; Quint. 2, 5, 16; 2, 3, 11; 2, 6, 6:

hoc,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 21.— Poet. also with the acc. of a noun:

errabant tempora,

i. e. in chronology, Ov. F. 3, 155.— Pass. impers.:

si fuit errandum,

Ov. H. 7, 109:

si nihil esset erratum,

Quint. 6, 5, 7:

si erratur in nomine,

Cic. Fin. 4, 20 fin.; cf.:

tutius circa priores erratur,

Quint. 2, 5, 26:

uno verbo esse erratum,

id. 7, 3, 17. —Sometimes, in a palliative manner, of moral error, to err through mistake:

pariter te errantem et illum sceleratissimum persequi,

Sall. J. 102, 5; cf. id. ib. 104, 4. —Hence,

errātum, i, n., an error, mistake, fault:

illud de Flavio et fastis, si secus est, commune erratum est,

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 18; cf. id. ib. 13, 44 fin.:

cujus errato nulla venia, recte facto exigua laus proponitur,

id. Agr. 2, 2, 5; id. Fam. 5, 20, 8:

nullum ob totius vitae non dicam vitium, sed erratum,

id. Clu. 48; cf. id. Lig. 1; id. Sull. 23; and in plur., id. Fam. 16, 21, 2; Sall. J. 102, 10; Ov. Pont. 2, 3, 66.—

Act. in Aug. poets (only in part. perf.), to wander over or through:

immensum est erratas dicere terras,

Ov. F. 4, 573:

ager,

id. ib. 3, 655:

orbis,

Val. Fl. 4, 447:

litora,

Verg. A. 3, 690.

erro, ōnis, m. [1. erro], a wanderer, vagabond, vagrant, Tib. 2, 6, 6; Ov. H. 15, 53.—Used esp. of slaves:

ut errones aliquem cujus dicantur invenient,

Plin. Ep. 2, 10, 5; Edict. Aedil. ap. Gell. 4, 2, 1; Dig. 21, 1, 17, § 14; 49, 16, 4 fin.; Hor. S. 2, 7, 113.—Of the queen-bee:

dux,

Col. 9, 10 fin. —Of the planets, Nigid. ap. Gell. 3, 10, 2; 14, 1, 11.— Of vagabond soldiers:

nec nostros servire sinant errorribus agros,

Verg. Dir. 70 Rib.

error, ōris, m. [id.], a wandering.

In gen., a wandering, straying or strolling about (rare and mostly poet.).

Lit.:

ad quos Ceres m illo errore venisse dicitur,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49, § 108:

error ac dissipatio civium (sc. mercatorum),

id. Rep. 2, 4, 7 Mos. (cf. erratio, I.): navium pars ex errore eodem conferebatur, Auct. B. Afr. 11; cf. Ov. H. 16, 29; id. M. 14, 484; id. Tr. 4, 10, 100; Verg. A. 1, 755; 6, 532 et saep.— Transf., of the motion of atoms, Lucr. 2, 132; of the meanderings of rivers, Ov. M. 1, 582; of the mazes of the labyrinth, id. ib. 8, 161; 167.—

Trop., a wavering, uncertainty:

fluctuat incertis erroribus ardor amantum,

Lucr. 4, 1077: [p. 658] nec, quid corde nunc consili capere possim, Scio, tantus cum cura meo est error animo, Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 13; cf. Liv. 9, 15; 45; 27, 47; Ov. F. 5, 362 al.; so, too, with obj. gen.:

viarum,

uncertainty, ignorance, Liv. 24, 17; cf.

veri,

Tac. H. 2, 72.—

In partic., a wandering from the right way, a going astray.

Lit. (very seldom):

reduxit me usque ex errore in viam,

Plaut. Ps. 2, 3, 2; Curt. 5, 13 fin. —

Trop., a departing from the truth, an error, mistake, delusion (class.; cf.:

erratum, vitium, peccatum): erroris ego illos et. dementiae complebo,

Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 8:

opinionibus vulgi rapimur in errorem nec vera cernimus,

Cic. Leg. 2, 17, 43; cf.:

inducere imperitos in errorem,

id. Brut. 85, 293; Nep. Hann. 9, 3:

errore quodam fallimur in disputando,

Cic. Rep. 3, 35:

si errorem velis tollere,

id. ib. 1, 24:

errorem tollere,

id. ib. 2, 10; id. Fin. 1, 11, 37:

deponere,

id. Phil. 8, 11, 32:

eripere alicui,

id. Att. 10, 4, 6:

demere,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 140 et saep.:

mentis,

i. e. distraction, insanity, Cic. Att. 3, 13, 2; cf. Hor. A. P. 454; Verg. G. 3, 513; so poet. of other kinds of mental perturbation, as fear, Ov. F. 3, 555;

love,

Verg. E. 8, 41; Ov. Am. 1, 10, 9; cf. ib. 1, 2, 35; id. M. 10, 342: aut aliquis latet error;

equo ne credite, Teucri,

some deception, Verg. A. 2, 48; cf. Liv. 22, 1:

par forma aut aetas errorem agnoscentibus fecerat,

Tac. A. 4, 63:

jaculum detulit error in Idam,

Ov. M. 5, 90.—

Esp., an error in language, a solecism, Quint. 1, 5, 47.—

Rarely a moral error, fault (cf. erro, I. B. 2.), Ov. Pont. 4, 8, 20; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 57; 2, 3, 92.—

Error, personif., = Atê, the inspirer of folly or judicial blindness, Ov. M. 12, 59.

cursus, ūs, m. [id.], a running ( on foot, on a horse, chariot, ship, etc.), a course, way, march, passage, voyage, journey, etc. (very freq.).

Lit.

Of living beings:

ingressus, cursus, accubitio, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 1, 34, 94:

ibi cursu, luctando... sese exercebant,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 24; cf. id. Most. 1, 2, 73, and Hor. A. P. 412:

quique pedum cursu valet, etc.,

Verg. A. 5, 67:

cursu superare canem,

Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 51:

milites cursu exanimati,

Caes. B. G. 2, 23:

huc magno cursu intenderunt,

at full speed, id. ib. 3, 19:

magno cursu concitatus,

id. B. C. 1, 70:

cursu incitatus,

id. ib. 1, 79; 3, 46; Auct. B. Alex. 20; cf.:

in cursu esse,

Cic. Att. 5, 16, 1; cf. II. fin. infra:

strictis gladiis cursu in hostem feruntur,

advance at a run, Liv. 9, 13, 2:

effuso cursu,

id. 2, 50, 6:

eo cursu proripere, ut, etc.,

id. 24, 26, 12; 31, 21, 6:

eo cursu, Auct. B. Alex 30: eodem cursu contendere,

right onward, Caes. B. C. 2, 35; cf. id. B. G. 6, 67: citato cursu. Just. 11, 15, 2:

cursus in Graeciam per tuam provinciam,

Cic. Att. 10, 4, 10:

quis umquam tam brevi tempore tot loca adire, tantos cursus conficere potuit?

id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 34:

(terrae) tuis non dicam cursibus, sed victoriis lustratae sunt,

id. ib. 2, 5:

agmen cursūs magis quam itineris modo ducit,

Curt. 5, 13, 5; 6, 1, 12; Just. 15, 3, 11; 11, 8, 2:

Miltiades cursum direxit, quo tendebat,

Nep. Milt. 1, 6; Vell. 2, 19, 4; 1, 4, 1:

Ulixi per mare,

Hor. C. 1, 6, 7:

iterare cursus relictos,

id. ib. 1, 34, 4:

Naxon, ait Liber, cursus advertite vestros,

Ov. M. 3, 636 et saep.; cf. B.: cursum per [p. 504] auras Derigere, Verg. A. 6, 194; so of flying, Ov. M. 2, 838; 4, 787 al.—

Cursum tenere (in a march or on shipboard), to hold one's course, to maintain a direct course:

equites cursum tenere atque insulam capere non potuerant,

Caes. B. G. 4, 26 fin.:

Dionysius cum secundissimo vento cursum teneret,

Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 83; Caes. B. G. 5, 8; cf. 2. b. —

Of inanimate objects:

solis cursus lunaeque meatus Expediam,

Lucr. 5, 77; cf. id. 5, 772 al.:

lunae,

id. 5, 629; cf. id. 5, 630:

stellarum,

Cic. Rep. 6, 17, 17:

neque clara suo percurrere fulmina cursu Perpetuo possint,

Lucr. 1, 1003:

si lacus emissus lapsu et cursu suo ad mare profluxisset,

Cic. Div. 1, 44, 100; so of the course or flow of a stream, Ov. M. 1, 282; 9, 18; Plin. 5, 24, 20, § 85:

longarum navium,

Caes. B. G. 5, 8; cf. Cic. Mur. 15, 33; id. Off. 3, 12, 50 al.:

Aquilonis et Austri,

Lucr. 5, 688; cf. id. 6, 302:

menstrui,

Plin. 11, 39, 94, § 230:

quadripertiti venarum,

id. 16, 39, 76, § 195 et saep.—

Cursum tenere, as supra, 1. b.:

tanta tempestas subito coorta est, ut nulla earum (navium) cursum tenere posset,

Caes. B. G. 4, 28.—

Meton.

Cursum exspectare, to wait for a fair wind (lit. for a passage), Cic. Att. 5, 8, 1.—

(Abstr. pro concr.) Cursus publici, in the time of the emperors, posts or relays divided into stations, for the speedy transmission of information upon state affairs, Cod. Just. 12, 51; Cod. Th. 8, 5; Inscr. Orell. 3181; 3329; cf.

. equi publici,

Amm. 14, 6, 16:

vehicula publica,

id. 21, 13, 7:

cursus vehicularius,

Capitol. Ant. P. 12, 3:

vehicularis,

Dig. 50, 4, 18, § 4:

cursus fiscalis,

Spart. Had. 7; v. Suet. Aug. 49.—

Trop. (freq. in Cic. and Quint.), a course, progress, direction, way:

qui cursus rerum, qui exitus futurus sit,

Cic. Fam. 4, 2, 3; cf. Tac. H. 4, 34; id. Agr. 39:

implicari aliquo certo genere cursuque vivendi,

Cic. Off. 1, 32, 117:

vitae brevis cursus, gloriae sempiternus,

id. Sest. 21, 47:

reliquus vitae cursus,

id. Phil. 2, 19, 47:

totius vitae cursum videre,

id. Off. 1, 4, 11:

omnem vitae suae cursum conficere,

id. Cael. 17, 39:

in omni vitae cursu optimum visum est, ut, etc.,

Macr. S. 1, 2, 3:

temporum,

Cic. Fam. 6, 5, 2:

tuorum honorum,

id. ib. 3, 11, 2; cf. Tac. H. 1, 48:

continuus proeliorum,

id. Agr. 27 al.:

cursus vocis per omnis sonos,

Cic. de Or. 3, 61, 227:

cursus verborum,

id. ib. 1, 35, 161; so of the motion or flow of discourse, etc., id. Part. Or. 15, 52; Quint. 8, prooem. § 27;

9, 4, 70: cursus hic et sonus rotundae volubilisque sententiae,

Gell. 11, 13, 4:

quem enim cursum industria mea tenere potuisset sine forensibus causis, etc.,

Cic. Phil. 8, 4, 11; cf. id. Or. 1, 4:

nos in eodem cursu fuimus a Sullā dictatore ad eosdem fere consules,

id. Brut. 96, 328; so,

esse in cursu,

to go on, continue, Ov. M. 13, 508; id. F. 6, 362.

al-lūdo ( adl-), ūsi, ūsum, 3, v. a. and n.

To play or sport with any thing, to joke, jest, to do a thing sportively; with ad or dat. (most freq. after the Aug. per.; never in Plaut.; and in Ter. and in Cic. only once), * Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 34: Galba autem adludens ( discoursing in jests) varie et copiose multas similitudines adferre, Cic. de Or. 1, 56, 240:

occupato,

Phaedr. 3, 19 fin.; Ov. M. 2, 864:

nec plura adludens,

Verg. A. 7, 117:

Cicero Trebatio adludens,

jesting with, Quint. 3, 11, 18 Spald., Halm; so Suet. Caes. 22 al.—

Trop., of the motion,

Of the waves, to sport with, to play against, dash upon:

mare terram appetens litoribus adludit,

Cic. N. D. 2, 39, 100: solebat Aquilius, quid esset litus, ita definire, quā fluctus adluderet (B. and K. read eluderet; v. eludo), id. Top. 7, 32; cf. Quint. 5, 14, 34:

in adludentibus undis,

Ov. M. 4, 342.—With acc.:

omnia, quae... fluctus salis adludebant,

Cat. 64, 66.—

Of the wind, to play with:

summa cacumina silvae lenibus adludit flabris levis Auster,

Val. Fl. 6, 664:

tremens Adludit patulis arbor hiatibus,

Sen. Thyest. 157.

al-lūdo ( adl-), ūsi, ūsum, 3, v. a. and n.

To play or sport with any thing, to joke, jest, to do a thing sportively; with ad or dat. (most freq. after the Aug. per.; never in Plaut.; and in Ter. and in Cic. only once), * Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 34: Galba autem adludens ( discoursing in jests) varie et copiose multas similitudines adferre, Cic. de Or. 1, 56, 240:

occupato,

Phaedr. 3, 19 fin.; Ov. M. 2, 864:

nec plura adludens,

Verg. A. 7, 117:

Cicero Trebatio adludens,

jesting with, Quint. 3, 11, 18 Spald., Halm; so Suet. Caes. 22 al.—

Trop., of the motion,

Of the waves, to sport with, to play against, dash upon:

mare terram appetens litoribus adludit,

Cic. N. D. 2, 39, 100: solebat Aquilius, quid esset litus, ita definire, quā fluctus adluderet (B. and K. read eluderet; v. eludo), id. Top. 7, 32; cf. Quint. 5, 14, 34:

in adludentibus undis,

Ov. M. 4, 342.—With acc.:

omnia, quae... fluctus salis adludebant,

Cat. 64, 66.—

Of the wind, to play with:

summa cacumina silvae lenibus adludit flabris levis Auster,

Val. Fl. 6, 664:

tremens Adludit patulis arbor hiatibus,

Sen. Thyest. 157.

complector ( conp-), plexus, 3, v. dep. (in signif. mostly coinciding with amplector), prop., to entwine around a person or thing (cf. amplector; class. in prose and poetry).

Lit.

Of persons, to clasp, embrace, as an expression of affection.

With acc.:

vidi et illam et hospitem Conplexum atque ausculantem,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 53: adcurrit;

mediam mulierem complectitur,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 106:

tum ille artius puellam amplexus,

Cic. Div. 1, 46, 103:

viri corpus,

Lucr. 4, 1193:

(adulescentem) complexus osculatusque dimiserit,

Cic. Att. 16, 5, 2:

suum maritum,

Ov. M. 12, 428:

nepotes,

Verg. A. 6, 786:

aliquem conplexa tenere,

Cic. Font. 21, 47 (17, 36); cf. Stat. S. 2, 1, 121.—Of parts of the person:

dextram euntis,

Verg. A. 8, 558; Ov. M. 6, 494; cf. Curt. 6, 7, 8:

infirmis membra lacertis,

Ov. M. 10, 407:

genua. in supplication,

Quint. 6, 1, 34:

pedes alicujus,

Luc. 10, 89.—

With inter se:

nosque inter nos esse conplexos,

Cic. Div. 1, 28, 58:

conplecti inter se lacrimantes milites coepisse,

Liv. 7, 42, 6; Verg. A. 5, 766.—

With in vicem, Quint. 7, 10, 17.—

Absol.:

nequeunt conplecti satis,

Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 32: Phr. Conplectere. Di. Lubens, id. Truc. 2, 4, 19:

contineri qum conplectar non queo,

id. Men. 5, 9, 65; id. Mil. 4, 8, 19; Prop. 1, [p. 390] 10, 5.—

With cum and abl., Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 134.—

In gen., to grasp, clasp, seize, encircle, surround, compass, enclose:

(vitis) claviculis suis quasi manibus quicquid est nacta complectitur,

Cic. Sen. 15, 52:

(orbis caelestis) extimus, qui reliquos omnis complectitur,

id. Rep. 6, 17, 17:

complexi terram maris,

Ov. M. 8, 731:

ubi mollis amaracus illum (Ascanium) Floribus et dulci conplectitur umbrā,

Verg. A. 1, 694:

vestis complectens undique corpus,

Cat. 64, 307:

spatium,

to mark out around for military purposes, Caes. B. G. 7, 72; Auct. B. G. 8, 74; cf.

of ploughing around,

Ov. M. 15, 619:

aliquem obsidione,

Vell. 2, 51, 1 et saep.:

caput digitis cruentis,

Ov. M. 3, 727:

manibus eminentia saxa,

Curt. 7, 11, 15:

dexterā impendentes ramos,

id. 9, 5, 13.—Of grasping an adversary in fight:

quoad stans complecti posset atque contendere,

Nep. Epam. 2, 4:

qui cum inter se complexi in terram ex equis decidissent... non prius distracti sunt, quam alterum anima relinqueret,

in contention, id. Eum. 4, 2.—

Trop.

Of sleep, to seize upon, enfold:

sopor fessos complectitur artus,

Verg. A. 2, 253; cf.:

me artior somnus conplexus est,

Cic. Rep. 6, 10, 10.—

To embrace something intellectually as a whole, to comprehend, understand:

aliquid cogitatione et mente,

Cic. Or. 2, 8; cf. id. Fam. 5, 17, 4:

deum et divinum animum cogitatione,

id. Tusc. 1, 22, 51:

omne caelum totamque cum universo mari terram mente,

id. Fin. 2, 34, 112; cf. Quint. 12, 1, 25; 12, 2, 17:

animo proxima quaeque meo,

Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 70:

rei magnitudinem animo,

Cic. de Or. 1, 5, 19; Quint. 10, 6, 3; 10, 6, 6 al.; cf. without acc.:

cum conplector animo, quattuor reperio causas, etc.,

Cic. Sen. 5, 15.—Without mente, animo, etc.:

perficies ut ego ista innumerabilia complectens nusquam labar?

Cic. Ac. 2, 35, 114:

totum genus judiciorum,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 12, § 32:

formam animi magis quam corporis,

to consider, Tac. Agr. 46:

aliquid memoriā,

Cic. Div. 2, 71, 146; Quint. 2, 7, 3;

and without memoria,

id. 11, 2, 36.—

To comprehend a multitude of objects in discourse or in a written representation, to comprise, express, describe, represent, explain; with acc. and abl. or adv.:

omnia alicujus facta oratione,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 26, § 57:

omnium rerum memoriam breviter libro,

id. Brut. 3, 14:

orator autem sic illigat sententiam verbis, ut eam numero quodam complectatur et astricto et soluto,

id. de Or. 3, 44, 175:

omnia unā comprehensione,

id. Fin. 5, 9, 26:

plura semel,

Quint. 11, 1, 66:

pauca paucis,

id. 8, 3, 82; cf. id. 7, 3, 29:

sententiam his verbis,

id. 3, 6, 13.—Esp. with sententiā, to sum up in a formal vote or decree (of speeches in the Senate): causas complectar ipsā sententiā, in the motion or decree itself, Cic. Phil. 14, 11, 29:

sed ut aliquando sententiā complectar, ita censeo,

id. ib. 14, 14, 36.—Hence,

In philos. lang., to draw a conclusion, make an inference, Cic. Inv. 1, 40, 73; Auct. Her. 2, 29, 47; cf. complexio.—

To embrace from love, to love, value, honor; to be addicted to, to care for; with acc. and abl.:

aliquem honoribus et beneficiis suis,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 16, 38; cf.:

eum beneficio,

id. Planc. 33, 82:

aliquem summā benevolentiā,

id. Fam. 6, 14, 1:

hunc omni tuā comitate,

id. ib. 7, 5, 3:

omnes caritate cives,

Liv. 7, 40, 3:

aliquem artā familiaritate,

Plin. Ep. 3, 11, 5 al. — Without abl.:

hominem,

Cic. Fam. 2, 6, 4. — Absol.: da te homini;

complectetur,

Cic. Fam. 2, 8, 2:

quos fortuna complexa est,

id. Lael. 15, 54:

philosophiam,

id. Brut. 93, 322; cf.:

artes ingenuas,

Ov. P. 1, 6, 9:

causam eam,

Cic. Phil. 5, 16, 44; cf. id. Att. 16, 15, 3:

otium,

id. ib. 2, 6, 1.—

To embrace, include:

cari sunt parentes, cari liberi, propinqui, familiares, sed omnis omnium caritates patria una complexa est,

Cic. Off. 1, 17, 87:

licet haec omnia complectatur eversio,

Quint. 8, 3, 69; 2, 15, 13.—

(Causa pro effectu.) To take into possession, to seize, lay hold of, to make one ' s self master of (rare):

(philosophiae) vis valet multum, cum est idoneam complexa naturam,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 4, 11:

facultatem aliquam,

id. Fam. 10, 12, 5; Liv. 44, 1, 12:

plures provincias complexus sum quam alii urbes ceperunt,

Curt. 6, 3, 4.

► *

Act. collat form complecto, ĕre: quando convenit complectite, Pompon. ap. Non. p. 472 fin.; cf. Prisc. p. 797 P.—

complector, ti, in pass. signif.: invidiosā fortunā complecti, Cic. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 793 P.:

quo uno maleficio scelera omnia complexa esse videantur,

id. Rosc. Am. 13, 37 (but in Cic. Tusc. 5, 14, 40, and id. Fin. 3, 12, 41, the best read. is completur).

complector ( conp-), plexus, 3, v. dep. (in signif. mostly coinciding with amplector), prop., to entwine around a person or thing (cf. amplector; class. in prose and poetry).

Lit.

Of persons, to clasp, embrace, as an expression of affection.

With acc.:

vidi et illam et hospitem Conplexum atque ausculantem,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 53: adcurrit;

mediam mulierem complectitur,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 106:

tum ille artius puellam amplexus,

Cic. Div. 1, 46, 103:

viri corpus,

Lucr. 4, 1193:

(adulescentem) complexus osculatusque dimiserit,

Cic. Att. 16, 5, 2:

suum maritum,

Ov. M. 12, 428:

nepotes,

Verg. A. 6, 786:

aliquem conplexa tenere,

Cic. Font. 21, 47 (17, 36); cf. Stat. S. 2, 1, 121.—Of parts of the person:

dextram euntis,

Verg. A. 8, 558; Ov. M. 6, 494; cf. Curt. 6, 7, 8:

infirmis membra lacertis,

Ov. M. 10, 407:

genua. in supplication,

Quint. 6, 1, 34:

pedes alicujus,

Luc. 10, 89.—